聂卫波，武世亮，马孝义，费良军.农田土壤入渗特性研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(4):31~37
农田土壤入渗特性研究
Research on the soil infiltration characteristics in the field
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2013.04.006
中文关键词:  土壤入渗  入渗公式  入渗时间  合理测点数
英文关键词:soil infiltration  infiltration function  infiltration time  reasonable sampling number
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51209171）；陕西省自然科学基金项目（2010JQ7010）；陕西省教育厅科研计划项目（11JK0640）；西安理工大学博士科研启动金；中国博士后科学基金资助项目；中央财政支持地方高校发展专项资金特色重点学科项目资助（106-00X101，106-5X1205）
作者单位
聂卫波1，武世亮2，马孝义2，费良军1 （1.西安理工大学水资源研究所， 陕西 西安 710048； 2.西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室， 陕西 杨凌 712100） 
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中文摘要:
      以陕西杨凌一级阶地砂壤土和三级阶地粘壤土所选典型田块的双环入渗试验为基础，对不同土壤质地条件下的土壤入渗特性进行了研究。结果表明：两种土壤质地条件下描述其入渗过程的最优入渗公式为修正Kostiakov公式；土壤入渗试验合理的设计观测时间一级阶地砂壤土条件下不应小于90 min，三级阶地粘壤土条件下不应小于120 min；根据各入渗参数的最大相关距离，计算了典型田块入渗试验的合理测点数，一级阶地砂壤土和三级阶地粘壤土试验田块均为42个测点；可在一定程度上借助稳定入渗率f0的变异特征描述土壤入渗性能和衡量土壤入渗能力，但同时还应考虑入渗参数k的空间变异特征。
英文摘要:
      Based on the double-ring infiltration experiments carried out in the selected fields of the first terrace and the third terrace with sandy loam and clay loam respectively in Yangling District, Shaanxi Province, China, the soil infiltration characteristics under different soil textures were studied. The results showed that the modified Kostiakov function was the optimal choice in describing the process of soil infiltration. The reasonable observing time of infiltration experiment was no less than 90 min in the first terrace with sandy loam and no less than 120 mins in the third terrace with clay loam. Based on the maximum correlation distance among the infiltration parameters, the reasonable sampling number was proved to be 42 for the selected fields in both the first terrace and the third terrace. The spatial variation characteristics of basic infiltration rate f0 could be employed to describe the infiltration performance and to measure th e infiltration capacity of soil, and the spatial variation characteristics of the infiltration parameter k should also be taken into consideration. The study results could set the scientific foundation for a further study of soil infiltration characteristics.
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