张占琴，魏建军，杨相昆，桑志勤.北疆“一年两作”冬小麦-复播青贮玉米模式物质生产及资源利用率研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2013,31(6):28~33
北疆“一年两作”冬小麦-复播青贮玉米模式物质生产及资源利用率研究
Dry matter production and resources use efficiency of double cropping winter wheat forage maize system in North Xinjiang
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2013.06.005
中文关键词:  冬小麦-青贮玉米  一年两作  物质与能量生产率  资源利用效率  北疆地区
英文关键词:winter wheat forage maize system  double cropping  dry matter and energy production efficiency  resource use efficiency  Northern Xinjiang
基金项目:新疆建设兵团科技支疆项目(2009ZJ02)；国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD29B06)；新疆建设兵团重点实验室基金项目（CQG2012-XJ04）
作者单位
张占琴1,2，魏建军1,2*，杨相昆1,2，桑志勤1,2 (1.新疆农垦科学院作物研究所， 新疆 石河子 832000
2.谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室， 新疆 石河子 832000) 
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中文摘要:
      为建立与农区畜牧业发展相适应的资源高效利用的新型饲料生产体系，满足市场对青贮玉米需求，2011—2012年在新疆天山以北地区对冬小麦-复播青贮玉米、单季冬小麦、单季青贮玉米不同模式的物质积累和生育过程的光、温资源的实际利用效率进行系统测定分析。结果表明，冬小麦-复播青贮玉米双季模式优于传统单季种植冬小麦模式，其全年干物质生产率提高84.8%、周年干物质产能提高87.8%，年总辐射利用效率提高87%，年总有效积温利用率103%。复播青贮玉米干物质生产效比春播率低7.1%，太阳总辐射生产率和温度生产效率复播比春播分别高0.12 g·J-1和0.7 kg·hm-2·℃-1。因此冬小麦-复播青贮玉米具有高产高效特点，为一熟 农区畜牧发展提了一条新型饲料生产种植模式。
英文摘要:
      In order to meet the market requirement for forage maize and develop new cropping system with high dry matter production and resources use efficiency, the field experiments were conducted in the temperature limited regions of North Xinjiang in 2011 and 2012. The ecologic conditionss includ ing radiation and temperature were recorded and dry matter production was determined. In addition, dry matter production and resources use efficiency were compared between winter wheat forage maize system and conventional winter wheat systems. The results showed that annual production efficiency of dry matter, energy production, radiation production efficiency, and temperature production efficien cy in double cropping wheat maize system were 84.8%, 87.8%, 87.0% and 103% compared with onventional winter wheat system, respectively. Annual production efficiency of dry matter of sequential cropping forage maize was 7.1% lower than spring forage maize, and the light use efficiency and temperature efficiency were 0.12 g·MJ-1 and 0.7 kg·hm-2·℃-1 higher than spring forage maize, respectively. Therefore, the double cropping system can increase natural resources use efficiency and have favourable effect on the utilization of light and temperature during the growing season. The proposed system offers a new approach both for increasing crop diversity and crop production in northern Xingjiang.
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