南丽丽，郭全恩，曹诗瑜，钱美宇.疏勒河流域不同植被类型土壤酶活性动态变化[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(1):134~139
疏勒河流域不同植被类型土壤酶活性动态变化
Dynamic changes of soil enzyme activities of different vegetation types in Shulehe River Basin, China
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2014.01.022
中文关键词:  疏勒河流域  植被类型  土壤酶活性
英文关键词:Shulehe River Basin  vegetation type  soil enzyme activity
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41163002,41363004）；甘肃省高校基本科研业务费、甘肃省自然科学基金（1208RJZA142，0803KJZA04）；甘肃农业大学干旱生境作物学重点实验室开放基金（GSCS-2010-15）专项资助
作者单位
南丽丽1，郭全恩2,3，曹诗瑜2，钱美宇1 （1.甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续研究中心，甘肃 兰州 730070； 2.甘肃省农科院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所，甘肃 兰州 730070； 3.甘肃农业大学甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730070） 
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中文摘要:
      以疏勒河流域中游玉门饮马农场不同植被类型（白刺、小麦、苜蓿、孜然和茴香）土壤为研究对象，以荒地为对照，探讨疏勒河流域绿洲荒漠过渡带不同植被类型条件下土壤酶活性季节变化特征。结果表明：不同植被类型显著提高了土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、硝酸还原酶、脱氢酶和过氧化氢酶活性，且0～20 cm土层高于20～40 cm土层。其中苜蓿地土壤脲酶和硝酸还原酶含量最高，其平均值比对照分别增加了77.88%和156.94%；孜然地碱性磷酸酶含量最高，平均是对照的4.43倍；小麦地脱氢酶和过氧化氢酶活性最高，其平均值比对照分别提高了112.72%和51.00%。土壤脱氢酶活性与土壤磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶之间呈显著、极显著的正相关关系。土壤酶活性受生长季节影响较大，但无明显的规律性。5种植被类型土壤酶活性存在差异，但因季节因素的影响，很难确定哪种植被类型对土壤酶活性的影响最大。
英文摘要:
      Activities of soil enzymes were measured for the five vegetation types (Nitraria sibirica,Triticum aestivuml, Medicago sativa, Cuminum cyminum, and Foeniculum vulgare) in Shulehe River Basin. The results showed that activities of soil enzymes including urease, alkaline phosphatase, nitrate reductase, dehydrogenase, and catalase increased significantly after planting different vegetations. Enzyme activities in the 0～20 cm soil layer were higher than those in the 20～40 cm soil layer. Alfalfa soil had the highest urease and nitrate reductase contents, increased by 77.88% and 156.94% compared with CK, respectively. Cumin soil had the highest alkaline phosphatase conte nt, being 4.43 times than CK, and wheat soil had the highest dehydrogenase and catalase activities, being 112.72% and 51.00% greater than CK, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that there existed significant correlations among the dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and catalase. There were significant differences in enzyme activities between five tested vegetation types, but it varied with growing seasons, indicating that the enzyme activities should be an important index for soil fertility.
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