开都河流域下游绿洲土壤盐分特征分析

古丽克孜·吐拉克<sup>1; 2</sup>; 李新国<sup>1; 2</sup>; 阿斯耶姆·图尔迪<sup>1; 2</sup>; 赖 宁<sup>1; 2</sup>

古丽克孜·吐拉克，李新国，阿斯耶姆·图尔迪，赖宁.开都河流域下游绿洲土壤盐分特征分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2014,32(3):220~224

开都河流域下游绿洲土壤盐分特征分析

Analysis of soil salinity characteristics of oasis in the lower reaches of the Kaidu River

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2014.03.037

英文关键词:soil salinity variation coefficient soil salinization principal component analysis oasis of the lower reaches of Kaidu River

基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2012211A053)

作者	单位
古丽克孜·吐拉克^1，2，李新国^1，2，阿斯耶姆·图尔迪^1，2，赖宁^1，2	(1.新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830054； 2.新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830054)

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中文摘要:

以开都河流域下游绿洲为研究区，通过野外调查、采样与室内实验分析，采用数值统计方法与主成分分析方法对区域土壤盐分特征进行研究。研究结果表明：(1) 0～10 cm土层，土壤盐分含量为0.7348 g·kg^-1，10～30 cm土层为0.2070 g·kg^-1，30～50 cm土层为0.1852 g·kg^-1。随土层深度增加土壤盐分含盐量减少，土壤盐分含盐量的变异系数分别为319%、211%和193%，呈现强变异性。(2) 0～10 cm、 10～30 cm和30～50 cm土层中，随着土层深度的增加，Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Mg²⁺ 和K⁺+Na⁺离子的均值逐渐减少，总体上盐分分布具有较强的表聚性。(3）土壤盐渍化状况的特征因子是Cl^-与SO₄^2-。(4）未利用地土壤总盐分均值高于其它土地利用类型，耕地次之，林地的最小，分别为0.4420 g·kg^-1、0.0755 g·kg^-1和0.0414 g·kg^-1。

英文摘要:

Taking the oasis in the lower reaches of the Kaidu River as the case study area, through the field investigation, sampling and laboratory experimental analysis, adopted the application of statistical method and principal component analysis method to research the characteristics of regional soil salinity. The results showed that: (1) In 0～10 cm soil layer, the soil salinity content was 0.7348 g·kg^-1, in 10～30 cm, the soil salinity was 0.2070 g·kg^-1, in 30～50 cm, the soil salinity was 0.1852 g·kg^-1. The soil salinity was decreased with the increasing soil depth. The variation coefficient of the soil salinity was 319%, 211% and 193%, respectively. It was shown strong variability. (2) In the soil layer of 0～10 cm, 10～30 cm and 30～50 cm, with the increasing soil depth, the average value of Cl^-, SO₄^2-, Mg²⁺ and K⁺+Na⁺ ions was gradually reduced, on the whole salt distribution possessed a strong surface accumulation. (3) The characteristic factors of soil salinization were Cl^- and SO₄^2-. (4) The average value of total soil salt for unused land, farmland and forestland was 0.4420 g·kg^-1, 0.0755 g·kg^-1 and 0.0414 g·kg^-1, respectively. The unused land was higher than other land use types, the farmland was the second and forestland was the minimum.

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