北疆春播、麦后复播青贮玉米物质生产和温光生态效应利用的比较

张占琴<sup>1; 2</sup>; 魏建军<sup>1; 2</sup>; 杨相昆<sup>1; 2</sup>; 桑志勤<sup>1; 2</sup>

张占琴，魏建军，杨相昆，桑志勤.北疆春播、麦后复播青贮玉米物质生产和温光生态效应利用的比较[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(1):170~175

北疆春播、麦后复播青贮玉米物质生产和温光生态效应利用的比较

Comparison of solar and heat energy utilization and grain production of spring corn and multiple cropping silage corn in Northern Xinjiang

DOI：10.16302/j.cnki.1000-7601.2015.01.028

中文关键词: 北疆地区青贮玉米春播复播物质生产生态效应

英文关键词:Northern Xinjiang silage corn spring sowing multiple sowing dry matter production ecological effect

基金项目:兵团科技支疆项目“北疆地区‘一年两熟’高产高效耕作模式及关键技术研究与示范”(2009ZJ02)；国家科技支撑计划“新疆干旱半干旱区一年两作节水高效种植技术研究与示范”(2011BAD29B06)；谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室基金项目（CQG2012-XJ04）

作者	单位
张占琴^1,2，魏建军^1,2，杨相昆^1,2，桑志勤^1,2	(1.新疆农垦科学院作物所，新疆石河子 832000 2.谷物品质与遗传改良兵团重点实验室，新疆石河子 832000)

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中文摘要:

以新玉15号为供试品种，研究了春播和麦后复播青贮玉米（复播1期，6月30日播种；复播2期，7月10日播种）在产量、干物质积累和光温气候资源利用等方面的差异。结果表明：春播、复播1期、复播2期的群体干物质产量分别为15 615、17 615、14 671 kg·hm^-2，春播、复播1期、复播2期鲜重产量53 988、67 251、68 327 kg·hm^-2；复播青贮玉米生育期明显缩短，光合有效辐射和≥10℃积温较春播少；复播1期苗期、穗期、灌浆期均处于最适温度范围之内；春播、复播1期、复播2期的LAI峰值为5.01、5.72、6.36，总光合势分别为2.45×10⁶、2.84×10⁶、3.37×10⁶ m²·d^-1·hm^-2。复播青贮玉米的产量潜力主要在于大口期之前生育期优越的光温资源条件，且大口期之前干物质积累速率较春播快。

英文摘要:

A filed experiment was conducted to compare spring and multiple cropping silage corn regarding grain yield, dry matter accumulation, utilization of solar, heat resources. The results indicated dry matter accumulation of the sowing dates on April 28 th, sown June 30 th, sown July 10 th were 15 615, 17 615, 14 671 kg·hm^-2, respectively and those of fresh matter weight 53 988, 67 251, 68 327 kg·hm^-2, respectively. Growth duration of multiple cropping silage corn was reduced and photosynthetic active radiation and ≥10℃ accumulated temperature were lower than spring sowing. Seeding stage, heading stage, filling stage of sown June 30 th fell into the optimum range of temperature. LAImax and total photosynthetic potential of sowing dates on April 28 th, sown June 30 th, sown July 10 th reached 5.01, 5.72, 6.36 and 2.45.×10⁶ m²·d^-1·hm^-2, 2.84×10⁶ m²·d^-1·hm^-2, 3.37×10⁶ m²·d^-1·hm^-2, respectively. Multiple cropping silage corn had a higher dry matter accumulation than spring silage maize, because of suitable so lar and temperature.

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