刘广才,刘生学,李城德,段禳全,朱永永.不同旱作区覆膜方式对小麦产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(4):24~29
不同旱作区覆膜方式对小麦产量的影响
Influences of different plastic film mulching patterns on wheat yield in arid areas
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2015.04.04
中文关键词:  旱作区  覆膜方式  产量  小麦
英文关键词:arid areas  mulching modes  yield  wheat
基金项目:“旱地全膜覆土穴播免耕多茬种植技术研究与示范”项目（甘农科技［2007］05号）；“旱地小麦全膜覆土穴播免耕多茬种植集成技术研究与示范推广”项目（2011GB2G100005，1105NCNA096）
作者单位
刘广才 甘肃省农业技术推广总站， 甘肃 兰州 730020 
刘生学 会宁县农业技术推广中心， 甘肃 会宁 730700 
李城德 甘肃省农业技术推广总站， 甘肃 兰州 730020 
段禳全 通渭县农业技术推广中心， 甘肃 通渭 743300 
朱永永 甘肃省农业技术推广总站， 甘肃 兰州 730020 
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中文摘要:
      采用不同覆膜方式田间小区试验研究了不同旱作区小麦全膜覆土穴播技术的增产效果。结果表明：不同覆膜方式小麦增产幅度和增产量以全膜覆土穴播极显著地高于全膜平铺穴播，全膜平铺穴播显著地高于膜侧沟播；3种覆膜方式小麦较露地条播（对照）平均增产率分别为73.9%、60.3%和33.3%，平均增产量分别为2 457.9、2 007.2、1 045.9 kg·hm-2；不同旱作区全膜覆土穴播小麦增产幅度表现为半干旱偏旱区>半干旱区>半湿润偏旱区，3个旱作区全膜覆土穴播小麦较露地条播增产率分别为90.2%、73.7%和57.8%；而不同旱作区全膜覆土穴播小麦增产量则表现为半湿润偏旱区>半干旱区>半干旱偏旱区，3个旱作区全膜覆土穴播小麦较对照增产量分别为2　220.3、2　520.9、2　632.5 kg·hm-2，特别是在年降雨量500～600 mm的旱作区全膜覆土穴播小麦平均产量达到7 183.5 kg·hm-2，最高达到7 405.5 kg·hm-2，创造了该区域旱地小麦的最高产量。
英文摘要:
      Field experiments were employed to investigate effects of whole field mulching with soil covering and bunch planting (WFMS) on wheat grain yield, with a randomized block design with four treatments: (i) whole field mulching with soil covering and bunch planting (WFMS), (ii) whole field mulching without soil covering and bunch planting (WFM), (iii)film-mulched ridge-furrow(FMRF), (iv) un-mulched with row-seeding (CK). The results showed that degree of yield increase in WFMS was significantly higher than that in WFM. Compared with CK, the average yieldof the three patterns was increased by 73.9%, 60.3% and 33.3%, with the yield increased by 2 457.9, 2 007.2 kg·hm-2 and 1 045.9 kg·hm-2, respectively. And the order for WFMS was dry semi-arid area>semi-arid area> dry semi-humid area . Compared with CK, yield increased by WFMS was 90.2%, 73.7%, and 57.8% for the three areas, respectively, with an order of dry semi-humid area＞semi-arid area＞dry semi-arid area. Compared with CK, the yield increase of WFMS in three arid areas were 2 220.3, 2 520.9 kg·hm-2 and 2 632.5 kg·hm-2, respectively. Especially in the arid area with annual precipitation between 500 mm and 600 mm, the average yield of WFMS was 7 183.5 kg·hm-2 and the highest yield was 7 405.5 kg·hm-2, being the highest for dryand wheat in these areas.
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