| 王景红,高峰,刘璐,赵军,王军,杨涛.陕西省富士系苹果花晚霜冻指标研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(4):268~272 |
| 陕西省富士系苹果花晚霜冻指标研究 |
| Investigation on the last freezing indexes of Fuji apple flowers in Shaanxi province |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2015.04.40 |
| 中文关键词: 富士系苹果 晚霜冻 指标 陕西省 |
| 英文关键词:Fuji apple last frost indexes Shaanxi Province |
| 基金项目:公益性行业（气象）科研专项（ GYHY201206023-04） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为解决现有的陕西省富士系苹果晚霜冻指标与实际情况有出入的问题，以人工气候箱试验方法为主对指标进行研究。试验发现：陕西省富士系苹果花晚霜冻临界温度为-2℃，且温度越低、持续时间越长，苹果花的受冻率就越高；剧烈的升降温变化，更易造成苹果花遭遇冻害影响；苹果花受冻与其开放程度密切相关，开放程度越大，受冻越重，但受冻害程度与其是中心花还是边花关系不明显。基于此，建立了包含受冻等级、极端最低气温、0℃以下低温持续时间、受冻率及受冻表现共5要素在内的陕西省富士系苹果花晚霜冻指标，并通过检验发现，该指标对实际灾情的吻合率和基本吻合率大于70%，可投入业务使用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To provide a solution for addressing the difference between the existing last freezing indexes and the real performance of Fuji apple flowers in Shaanxi province, this research mainly used an artificial climate box to evaluate the indexes. The result showed that the critical frost temperature was -2℃. Meanwhile, the colder the temperature went and the longer it lasted, the more damaging rates the apple flowers encountered. Abrupt fluctuations in temperatures could easily result in sever damages on apple flowers. The level that the flowers became frozen was related with the openings of the flowers. The more the flowers opened, the more severe they suffered. However, no significant correlations were discovered between the damages and the locations of the flowers-central or peripheral. On the basis of these observations, this research established a new last freezing index, which included level of freeze, extreme minimal temperature, duration for temperature below 0 oC, freezing rate and freezing performance. In addition, the real agreement and the basic agreement rates of the indexes were greater than 70%, indicating that the indexes could be used in practice. |
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