| 张平良,郭天文,李书田,刘晓伟,马明生.地膜覆盖方式与施肥对春玉米农田土壤水分及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(6):122~127 |
| 地膜覆盖方式与施肥对春玉米农田土壤水分及产量的影响 |
| Effects of different film-mulching cultivations and balanced fertilizations on soil water content and yield of spring corn |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2015.06.21 |
| 中文关键词: 地膜覆盖方式 平衡施肥 全膜双垄沟播 土壤含水量 水分利用效率 产量 |
| 英文关键词:mulching cultivation balanced fertilization whole-film mulching with double-furrow sowing cultivation soil water content water use efficiency yield |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划专题(2012BAD05B03)；国际植物营养研究所(IPNI)项目(BPC-Gansu-2013) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1793 |
| 全文下载次数: 1169 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 于2011—2013 年在甘肃省定西唐家堡村连续三年进行田间定位试验，以裸地为对照，研究不同地膜覆盖方式和施肥对玉米农田土壤水分特征、子粒产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：全膜双垄沟播较裸地0～200 cm土层土壤含水量明显增加，其中深层60～200 cm土层土壤含水量提高24.9%，水分利用效率显著提高129.9%～188.3%，丰水年效果更突出，配施N、P、K肥（N、P2O5和K2O的用量分别为225、120、60 kg·hm-2）时，玉米子粒产量和水分利用效率分别达到10 430 kg/hm-2和31.9 kg·mm-1·hm-2，较当地农民习惯施肥分别提高10.2%和11.5%。说明全膜双垄沟播种植有利于纳雨蓄墒，具有集水高效利用和增产的效果，配套平衡施肥效果更佳。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A field examination was carried out in Tangjiabu Village, Dingxi, Gansu from 2011 to 2013 to study soil water content in 0～200 cm layer, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of corn with different film-mulching cultivations and balanced fertilizations (no mulch as control) in the dry-land area. The results showed that whole-film mulching with double-furrow sowing cultivation approach could significantly increase soil water content in 0～200 cm soil layer and water use efficiency, which was more apparent in the years with more precipitations, resulting in an increase of 24.9% in water content, and an elevation of 129.9%～188.3% in WUE. While the nutrient consumptions on N, P2O5 and K2O were 225, 120 kg·hm-2 and 60 kg·hm-2, respectively, maize yield and WUE reached 10 430 kg·hm-2 and 31.9 kg·mm-1·hm-2, 10.2% and 11.5% higher than the regular approach implemented by local farmers. In conclusion, whole-film mulching with double-furrow sowing cultivation was advantageous to conservation use of rainwater and accumulation of soil moisture, and to achieve efficient use of water and to enhance production, which could be improved further by balanced fertilization. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |