王彦斌,杨一鸣,曾 亮,苏 琼.甘肃省榆中县菜地土壤与蔬菜中重金属含量及健康风险评估[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(6):234~241
甘肃省榆中县菜地土壤与蔬菜中重金属含量及健康风险评估
A survey of heavy metals concentrations in vegetables and soils in Yuzhong County of Gansu Province and their health risk
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2015.06.39
中文关键词:  蔬菜  土壤  重金属  污染级别  富集系数  健康风险  榆中县
英文关键词:vegetable  soil  heavy metal  pollution grade  bio-concentration factor  health risk  Yuzhong County
基金项目:西北民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(zyj2011007，zyj2011006，31920130023)
作者单位
王彦斌 西北民族大学化工学院， 甘肃 兰州 730030； 甘肃省高校环境友好复合材料及生物质利用省级重点实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730030 
杨一鸣 西北民族大学化工学院， 甘肃 兰州 730030； 甘肃省高校环境友好复合材料及生物质利用省级重点实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730030 
曾 亮 西北民族大学化工学院， 甘肃 兰州 730030； 甘肃省高校环境友好复合材料及生物质利用省级重点实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730030 
苏 琼 西北民族大学化工学院， 甘肃 兰州 730030； 甘肃省高校环境友好复合材料及生物质利用省级重点实验室， 甘肃 兰州 730030 
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中文摘要:
      在甘肃省榆中县蔬菜基地，选择30个点位采集4种蔬菜(120株) 及相应的土样，在分别对重金属Hg、Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu 含量分析测试的基础上，开展蔬菜重金属污染评价、富集能力分析及健康风险评估。结果表明：研究区土壤中Hg、Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu平均含量分别为0.159、0.364、15.001、37.633、31.298 mg·kg-1，土壤中Pb、Cr含量均低于兰州市土壤背景值，但Hg、Cd、Cu含量均超过了兰州市土壤背景值。蔬菜中Hg、Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu平均含量分别为0.0037、0.0115、0.0293、0.0226、0.1874 mg·kg-1鲜重，均低于食品中污染物限量标准，它们的单项污染指数分别为0.37、0.06、0.10、0.05、0.02，综合污染指数为0.60，研究区蔬菜重金属污染属于安全级。蔬菜中Hg、Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu平均富集系数分别为0.023、0.033、0.002、0.001、0.006，重金属富集系数的大小顺序为Cd＞Hg＞Cu＞Pb＞Cr，Cd在蔬菜中的富集能力最强。成年人食用研究区蔬菜摄入的Hg、Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu平均值分别为1.11、3.45、8.79、6.78、56.22 μg·人-1·d-1，分别只占ADI值的2.58%、5.75%、4.11%、3.39%、0.47%。当地居民通过食用蔬菜产生的重金属Hg、Cd、Pb、Cr、Cu健康风险系数分别为0.03、0.06、0.04、0.04、0.01，总健康风险系数为0.17，因此人群长期食用研究区蔬菜所产生的重金属健康风险极低。
英文摘要:
      A systematic survey on Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr and Cu concentrations in four kinds of vegetables (120 individual samples involved) and their corresponding soils at 30 sampling sites in the fragmentary vegetable plots of Yuzhong county, Gansu Province, was conducted for assessing heavy metals pollution, bio-concentration ability, and potential health risk to local inhabitants due to exposure via consumption of vegetables. The results showed that the average concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr and Cu in soils in the studied vegetable plots were 0.159, 0.364, 15.001, 37.633 mg·kg-1 and 31.298 mg·kg-1, respectively. Pb and Cr concentrations in soils were all lower than the background values of soil in Lanzhou city, but Hg, Cd and Cu contents were higher. The average concentrations of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr and Cu in vegetables were 0.0037, 0.0115, 0.0293, 0226 mg·kg-1 and 0.1874 mg·kg-1 fresh weight (FW), respectively, which were all lower than the maximum levels of contaminants in foods. Their single pollution indexes were 0.37, 0.06, 0.10, 0.05 and 0.02, respectively, and the integrated pollution index was 0.60. The average bio-concentration factors (BCFs) of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr and Cu in vegetables were 0.023, 0.033, 0.002, 0.001 and 0.006，respectively, and the order of the BCFs in vegetables was Cd＞Hg＞Cu＞Pb＞Cr. The mean daily intake (DI) of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr and Cu from vegetables was 1.11, 3.45, 8.79, 6.78 μg·d-1 and 56.22 μg·d-1 for adult residents, respectively, which only accounted for 2.58%, 5.75%, 4.11%, 3.39% and 0.47% of acceptable daily intake (ADI), respectively. The target hazard quotients (THQs) of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr and Cu were 0.03, 0.06, 0.04, 0.04 and 0.01, respectively, and the total THQ (TTHQ) of heavy metals was 0.17. Therefore, the health risk posed by heavy metals was very low for habitants consuming vegetables.
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