| 周静,史向远,李永平,张晓晨.不同耕作措施对旱地玉米生长环境及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(1):134~139 |
| 不同耕作措施对旱地玉米生长环境及产量的影响 |
| Effects of different tillage practices on growing environment and yield of dryland maize |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2016.01.21 |
| 中文关键词: 旱地玉米 耕作措施 生长环境 产量 |
| 英文关键词:dryland maize tillage practices growing environment yield |
| 基金项目:山西省科技攻关计划项目（20110311037）；山西省农业科学院博士研究基金(YBSJJ1301037) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用田间定位试验，研究了羊粪4 m3+深耕30～35 cm（MP3）、羊粪4 m3+深耕20～25 cm（MP2）、羊粪4 m3+旋耕10～15 cm（MP1）、深耕30～35 cm（P3）、深耕20～25 cm（P2）、旋耕10～15 cm（P1）6种耕作措施下旱地玉米土壤温度、土壤水分、土壤呼吸速率及产量的变化。结果表明：采用不同耕作措施均能有效促进旱地玉米生长，与传统耕作方式(P1)相比，MP3、P3处理的土壤体积含水量分别提高了39.00%、32.44%；MP3处理下土壤温度显著高于传统耕作0.94℃；随着旱地玉米生育期的推进，土壤呼吸速率峰值出现在6月底，不同耕作方式下土壤呼吸速率较传统耕作提高了0.68～1.26倍；深耕处理、深耕+羊粪处理的旱地玉米产量均显著高于传统耕作，其增幅在11.94%～36.51%。通过3年试验比较，羊粪4 m3+深耕30～35 cm、羊粪4 m3+深耕20～25 cm、深耕30～35 cm效果较好。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A fixed position field experiment approach was employed to investigate the effects of six different tillage practices, including deep tillage (30～35 cm) with applied sheep manure (4 m3 of volume) (MP3), deep tillage (20～25 cm) with applied sheep manure (4 m3 of volume) (MP2), rotary tillage (10～15 cm) with applied sheep manure (4 m3 of volume) (MP1), deep tillage (30～35 cm) (P3), deep tillage (20～25 cm) (P2), and rotary tillage (10～15 cm) (P1), on soil temperature, soil moisture, soil respiration rate and yield of dryland maize. The results showed that the growth of dryland maize was promoted effectively after application of different tillage practices. Comparing to conventional tillage, the soil moisture of MP3 and P3 were increased by 39% and 32.44%. Geothermal energy of MP3 became increased more significantly than that by conventional tillage. During maize growth period, peak of soil respiration rate appeared in late June, and soil respiration rate was 0.68～1.26 times higher than that by conventional approach. In terms of the yield, the difference was also significant and the increases varied from 11.94% to 36.51%. Based on the comprehensive experimental results from three successive years, MP3, MP2 and P3 were the appropriate tillage practices. |
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