| 包开花,蒙美莲,陈有君,张婷婷,于小彬.覆膜方式和保水剂对旱作马铃薯光合特性及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(3):139~143 |
| 覆膜方式和保水剂对旱作马铃薯光合特性及产量的影响 |
| Effects of plastic film mulching patterns and water retaining agent on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of rainfed potato |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2016.03.22 |
| 中文关键词: 覆膜方式 保水剂 旱作马铃薯 光合特性 产量 |
| 英文关键词:film mulching water retaining agent rainfed potato photosynthetic characteristics yield |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助（CARS-10-P17） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了探讨内蒙古阴山北麓地区旱作马铃薯生产中适宜的覆膜种植方式，以马铃薯“克新1号”品种为材料，通过大田小区试验，研究了露地平播(CK)、平作行上覆膜(PZHS)、双垄全膜覆盖沟播(QFM)、起垄覆膜膜侧播种(QLMC)四种不同覆膜方式和保水剂对旱作马铃薯光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明，无论施保水剂还是不施保水剂条件下，不同种植方式的马铃薯叶片Pn、Gs、Tr随生育进程的推进均呈先增加后降低的变化，块茎形成期达到最高值，Ci则呈逐渐降低的变化；QLMC、QFM、PZHS三种覆膜方式的马铃薯叶片Pn、Gs、Tr均显著高于CK，Pn较CK分别增加4.5 μmol·m-2·s-1、2.6 μmol·m-2·s-1、1.2 μmol·m-2·s-1，三种覆膜Gs较CK分别增加3.14 mmol·m-2·s-1、2.56 mmol·m-2·s-1、1.63 mmol·m-2s-1，Tr较CK分别增加0.31 mol·m-2·s-1、0.21 mol·m-2·s-1、0.09 mol·m-2·s-1，Ci与之相反，三种覆膜方式均极显著低于对照，且表现为PZHS>QFM>QLMC，较CK分别低9.92 μmol·mol-1、21.23 μmol·mol-1、30.31 μmol·mol-1；三种覆膜方式的马铃薯产量均高于对照，且均表现为QLMC>QFM>PZHS，分别较对照增产35.96%、15.99%、15.68%，其中QLMC与CK和PZHS间差异均达到显著水平；同种覆膜方式下，施保水剂较未施保水剂的产量及叶片Pn、Gs、Tr高，但Ci则是未施保水剂的高于施保水剂的。综合分析覆膜方式与马铃薯叶片光合特性及产量的关系，笔者认为，起垄覆膜膜侧播种可作为内蒙古阴山北麓旱作地区马铃薯覆膜种植的首选方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the suitable rainfed potato production by film mulching in the Inner Mongolia Yinshan Mountain area, “Kexin l” was selected as the material, thereby to study the influence of four different film mulching patterns including conventional tillage (CK), harrowed bedding with film mulching (PZHS), double ridge mulched completely by film (QFM), ridge culture mulched by film (QLMC), and water retaining agent on photosynthetic characteristics and productivity of potato. The result showed that regardless of the water retaining agent, the variations in Pn、Gs、Tr decreased. The three kinds of film mulching patterns increased Pn、Gs、Tr in the order of QLMC>QFM>PZHS. On the other hand, Ci was significantly lower than CK in the three kinds of film mulching, with the order of PZHS>QFM>QLMC. The three kinds of film muching showed higher potato productivity, with an order of QLMC>QFM>PZHS. For the same film mulching, the productivity and the leaves of Pn、Gs、Tr were higher when water retaining agent applied, while Ci was lower. In summary, we suggest that the method of ridge culture mulched by film be suitable for the Inner Mongolia Yinshan Mountain area. |
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