| 彭云玲,王亚昕,赵小强,吕玉燕.不同玉米自交系耐寒性评价及差异分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(3):267~280 |
| 不同玉米自交系耐寒性评价及差异分析 |
| Evaluation of chilling tolerance in different maize inbred lines |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2016.03.42 |
| 中文关键词: 玉米自交系 低温胁迫 耐寒性评价 差异分析 |
| 英文关键词:Maize inbred lines low temperature stress evaluation of chilling tolerance difference analysis |
| 基金项目:国家自然基金项目(31260330，31301333)；教育部博士点基金(20126202120001)；甘肃省高等学校科研项目（2013B-037） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在室内低温条件下，对44份玉米自交系进行发芽期性状鉴定，并通过隶属函数法进行耐寒性综合评价，根据评价结果对耐寒玉米自交系和寒敏感玉米自交系进行苗期生长和生理生化特性分析，探索不同玉米自交系耐寒性差异生理机理。结果表明，利用发芽期发芽率、胚芽长、胚根长、根数为隶属函数法综合评价指标筛选出了3份强耐寒玉米自交系，包括玉米自交系Va35-2、Va102、ND246，中等耐寒玉米自交系1份，耐寒玉米自交系2份，寒敏感自交系16份，高寒敏感自交系22份。另外，结果显示随着温度逐渐降低（25℃、15℃、10℃、6℃），不同玉米自交系的发芽率、胚芽长、胚根长和根数呈下降趋势，但下降幅度不同，强耐寒玉米自交系各项指标下降的速度较慢；但是，从15℃低温开始，高寒敏感自交系的各项发芽指标下降很快，甚至为0。根据耐寒性综合评价结果，分别选取高耐寒玉米自交系Va35-2、Va102、ND246和高寒敏感玉米自交系K22、B68和H105W进行苗期耐寒性差异分析。6℃低温胁迫处理0、2、4、6 d后，高耐寒自交系Va35-2、Va102、ND246和高敏感自交系K22、B68和H105W的生长和生理生化指标都有不同程度的变化,但是Va35-2、Va102和ND246各项指标变化幅度较小，而K22、B68和H105W的变化幅度较大，不同品种间差异显著。总体来看，随着低温胁迫时间的延长，生长指标（株高、根长、地上部鲜重、地上部干重、地下部鲜重和地下部干重）和生理生化指标（相对含水量、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量和保护酶活性（SOD、POD、CAT））呈下降趋势，高耐寒玉米自交系下降幅度较小，而高寒敏感玉米自交系下降幅度较大。相对电导率和丙二醛含量呈上升趋势，耐寒玉米自交系上升幅度较小，而寒敏感玉米自交系上升幅度较大。苗期性状的相关性分析表明各项生长和生理指标之间联系紧密、互相影响，在低温胁迫条件下调节植物的生长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, the physiological and biochemical characteristics, and some traits of 44 maize inbred lines at germination stage were identified, and the chilling tolerance was also evaluated by the membership function method under indoor low temperature condition. Based on the membership function analysis, we identified three inbred lines with high tolerance including Va35-2, Va102 and ND246, one with medium tolerance, sixteen sensitive, and twenty-two high sensitive at germination stage. We found that germination rate, plumule length, radical length and root number gradually decreased with decrease in temperature (25℃, 15℃, 10℃, 6℃). And there were different degree of decrease among maize inbred lines. From 25℃ to 6℃, the germination indexes of the sensitive lines were nearly 0 under 15℃, while high tolerant lines like K22, B68 and H105W had lower germination indexes. Based on the results of chilling-tolerant evaluation at germination stage, we identified high chilling-tolerant maize inbred lines including Va35-2, Va102, ND246 and chilling sensitive lines like K22, B68, H105W, which were used to perform the analysis of chilling tolerance at seedling stage. After 0, 2, 4, 6 days under 6℃ low temperature stress at seedling stage, there was marked difference in growth indexes and physiological and biochemical indexes between the two kinds maize inbred lines. Compared with three sensitive lines, chilling-tolerant lines had a smaller variation. In general, the growth indexes (plant height, root length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight) and physiological and biochemical indexes (the relative water content, proline content, soluble sugar content and the enzyme activities of SOD, POD, and CAT decreased as the duration of low temperature stress increased, Compared with chilling sensitive maize inbred lines, chilling-tolerant lines had smaller decrease. In addition, the leaves relative conductivity and MDA content increased, and chilling-tolerant lines were higher than the sensitive lines. Correlation analysis showed that seedling growth and physiological-biochemical indexes were significantly correlated at seedlings stage. |
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