| 樊胜祖,陈翠贤,刘广才,周廷芬,姚学竹,陶英,王娜.宽幅条播行距和播量对灌溉春小麦产量及纯收益的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(6):15~19 |
| 宽幅条播行距和播量对灌溉春小麦产量及纯收益的影响 |
| Effects of row spacing and seeding rate on grain yield and net income of irrigated spring wheat by spread band drilling |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2016.06.03 |
| 中文关键词: 宽幅条播 行距 播量 春小麦 产量 纯收益 |
| 英文关键词:spread band drilling row spacing seeding rate spring wheat grain yield net income |
| 基金项目:甘肃省“小麦宽幅精播技术引进与试验示范”项目部分内容(GNKJ-2012-35) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 2012—2014年在甘肃沿黄灌区所属的景泰县开展春小麦宽幅条播试验，单行种子播幅10 cm。用SPSS 19.0中的逐步回归方法构建了春小麦宽幅播种下行距、播量二因子与产量的数学模型，据此分析表明，行距与播量之间存在显著的负交互作用，随行距变小，获得高产的播量相应增大。播量在383 kg·hm-2时行距变化对产量没有影响， 而以此为界在高低不同的播量下行距对产量的效应方向相反。小行距配合较高播量可获得更高产量，产量最高组合为行距18 cm、播量526 kg·hm-2。纯收益最高的组合为行距28 cm、播量263 kg·hm-2，与最高纯收益99%以上相似的组合有两个：一是行距28 cm、播量263～309 kg·hm-2，二是行距18 cm、播量478～527 kg·hm-2。在试验范围内，严重减产情况出现在最大行距与最高播量组合及其附近，其次出现在最小行距与最低播量组合及其附近。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The objective of this study was to determine the appropriate combining patterns for row spacing and seeding rate under spread band drilling of irrigated spring wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).A 3-yr field experiment was conducted from 2012 to 2014 in Jingtai County (37°11′N,104°03′E) belonged to the Yellow River Irrigation Area of Gansu Province, in which the seed band width of intra-row was 10 cm over 3 years. The designs included row spacing ranged from 18 to 28 cm with 5 levels, and seeding rate ranged from 263 to 600 kg·hm-2 with 4 or 5 levels, by three replications in every trials. Using the method of stepwise regression analysis offered in the IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0, a mathematical model was established for grain yield with row spacing and seeding rate. There was a significant and negative interaction of row spacing and seeding rate on yield, so optimum seeding rate increased as row spacing decreased. At seeding rate of 383 kg·hm-2, grain yield was not affected by varied row spacing, while on lower and higher seeding rate compared to the above, varying row spacing showed a contrary response on yield. Higher yield was obtained when narrower row spacing combining with higher seeding rate, so the combination for maximum yield was 18 cm of row spacing with 526 kg·hm-2 of seeding rate. But the combination for maximum net income was 28 cm of row spacing with 263 kg·hm-2 of seeding rate. However, more than 99% of maximum net income were achieved by two groups of obviously different combination below, (i) 28 cm of row spacing with 263 kg·hm-2 to 309 kg·hm-2 of seeding rate, and(ii) 18 cm of row spacing with 478 kg·hm-2 to 527 kg·hm-2 of seeding rate, and these were recommendations to producer. More importantly, the serious reduction of yield appeared in or nearby the case of the widest row spacing combining with the most seeding rate, followed by the case of the narrowest row spacing combining with the least seeding rate. |
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