| 魏子涵,魏占民,李春强,白寅祯,苏婷婷,徐大为.井灌区节水灌溉效率与潜力分析——以内蒙古通辽市为例[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(6):143~149 |
| 井灌区节水灌溉效率与潜力分析——以内蒙古通辽市为例 |
| Analysis of water-saving irrigation efficiency and potential in well-irrigation district——Taking Tongliao City of Inner Mongolia as an Example |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2016.06.22 |
| 中文关键词: 井灌区 灌溉水利用效率 田间实测法 水量平衡法 节水潜力 |
| 英文关键词:well-irrigation district irrigation water use efficiency field test method water balance method water saving potential |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区水利厅专项 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在对内蒙古通辽市井灌区水资源利用现状和农业灌区用水现状进行实际调查与分析的基础上，按不同灌溉方式、土壤类型、分布位置和灌溉管理水平选择典型样点灌区，分别用田间实测法和水量平衡法科学地测算不同灌溉方式下的样点灌区、灌区和地区的灌溉水利用效率，并分析评估样点灌区、灌区和地区三个尺度的节水效果与潜力。测算得出通辽市所辖的奈曼旗、科尔沁左翼中旗、科尔沁区、开鲁县、库伦旗、科尔沁左翼后旗、扎鲁特旗和霍林郭勒市灌溉水利用系数分别为0.799、0.832、0.813、0.803、0.823、0.806、0.802和0.810。现状年通辽市地下水灌溉总面积为64万hm2，其中节水灌溉面积为30万hm2，还有34万hm2农田使用传统的灌溉形式。假定未来34万hm2待改造农田全部发展为低压管灌时，通辽市64万hm2灌溉面积可节约水量3 860万m3；全部发展为喷灌时，可节约水量8 298万m3；全部发展为膜下滴灌时，可节约水量10 904万m3。各灌区灌溉水利用效率的高低主要取决于不同灌溉方式的面积占总灌溉面积的比例，采用高效节水灌溉可整体提升灌区灌溉效率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on the actual investigation and analysis for the status of water resources utilization and agricultural irrigation water use in well-irrigation district of Tongliao City in Inner Mongolia, according to the different irrigation mode, soil types, distribution position and irrigation management level, selected some typical sample irrigation districts, scientifically measured the irrigation water use efficiency for the sample irrigation district, irrigation district and region by using the field test method and water balance method respectively, analyzed and evaluated the water-saving effect and potential by three dimensions for the typical sample irrigation district, irrigation district and region. Measured and calculated the irrigation water use coefficients were 0.799, 0.832, 0.813, 0.803, 0.823, 0.806, 0.823 and 0.806 respectively for the Naiman Banner, Horqin Left Middle Banner, Horqin District, Kailu County, Kulun Banner, Horqin Left Back Banner, Zhalute Banner and Huolinguole City in Tongliao City. The whole groundwater irrigated areas in current year in Tongliao City were 640 thousand hm2. Among them the water saving irrigation areas were 300 thousand hm2, and remained 340 thousand hm2 were utilized the traditional irrigation methods. Suppose total 340 thousand hm2 farmlands will be developed into the low pressure pipe irrigation in future, the water saving volume can be reached 38.6 million m3 from the 640 thousand hm2 irrigation aresa in Tongliao City. If whole areas were developed into the sprinkler irrigation, the total water saving volume 82.98 million m3 can be saved. If total were developed into the drip irrigation under film, the water savng volume 109.04 million m3 can be reached. The irrigation water use efficiency of each irrigation district mainly dependent on the proportion of different methods irrigation area in the total irrigation area, using high efficiency water-saving irrigation can improve the irrigation efficiency. |
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