外源ABA和Ca<sup>2+</sup>对低温及低温恢复下赤霞珠幼苗蔗糖代谢的影响

姜寒玉; 王旺田; 雷天翔; 何百鋆; 张金林

姜寒玉,王旺田,雷天翔,何百鋆,张金林.外源ABA和Ca²⁺对低温及低温恢复下赤霞珠幼苗蔗糖代谢的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(2):127~133

外源ABA和Ca²⁺对低温及低温恢复下赤霞珠幼苗蔗糖代谢的影响

Effects of exogenous ABA and Ca²⁺ on sucrose metabolism in grape (Vitisvinifera L.) seedlings under low temperature treatment and recovery

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2017.02.20

中文关键词: 酿酒葡萄 ABA Ca²⁺ 低温室温恢复蔗糖代谢

英文关键词:Vitisvinifera L. ABA Ca²⁺ low temperature sucrose metabolism

基金项目:国家自然基金(31560552)；甘肃省农业生物技术研究及应用开发项目(GNSW-2014-12，GNSW-2010-16)；甘肃省自然基金项目(506RJZA011)

作者	单位
姜寒玉	甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院，甘肃兰州 730070
王旺田	甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院，甘肃兰州 730070
雷天翔	中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 青海西宁 810008
何百鋆	甘肃紫轩酒业公司，甘肃嘉峪关 735100
张金林	兰州大学草地农业科技学院，甘肃兰州 730020

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中文摘要:

为了明确外源ABA及Ca²⁺处理对低温条件下酿酒葡萄蔗糖代谢的影响，以赤霞珠幼苗为试验材料，研究了在不同浓度ABA和Ca²⁺条件下，5℃低温及5℃低温后25℃恢复（5℃和5℃/25℃）两种条件下碳水化合物积累及蔗糖代谢关键酶活性的变化。结果表明：两种处理条件下，随着外源ABA和Ca²⁺浓度的逐渐升高，植株内蔗糖, 果糖, 葡萄糖和淀粉含量不断增加，并且在5 mg·L^-1 ABA或15 mmol·L^-1 CaCl₂浓度处理下植株内碳水化合物含量积累至最高，依次较对照增加了67.88%，21.8%，213.77%，7.04%，51.38%，2.35%，8.84%，31.81%或72.81%，35.37%，123.57%，36.44%，25.90%，28.67%，210.56%，210.90%。其中ABA处理后的葡萄糖含量在5℃/25℃条件下较5℃显著增加。两种处理条件下，外源ABA及CaCl₂提高了赤霞珠幼苗蔗糖合成酶(SS)，蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)，酸性转化酶(AI)，中性转化酶(NI)活性，其中在5 mg·L^-1ABA或15 mmol·L^-1CaCl₂处理下4种蔗糖代谢关键酶活性显著增高，依次较对照提高了64.10%，125.00%，193.29%，756.31%，2 291.51%，1 569.31%，1 523.13%，1 336.77%或26.42%，20.38%，30.75%，58.30%，111.63%，14.14%，14.32%，66.39%。说明适宜浓度的ABA及Ca²⁺处理可增强蔗糖代谢酶活性，促进蔗糖转化，提高碳水化合物含量，从而增强幼苗的抗寒能力。研究结果为酿酒葡萄糖代谢物质及相关酶在外源ABA及Ca²⁺处理下响应低温机理提供理论依据。

英文摘要:

In order to figure out the responsing mechanisms of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and Ca²⁺ on sucrose metabolism and key enzymes under low temperature, we measured the contents of sucrose, glucose, fructose and starch, the activities of sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (SS), acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI) in Cabernets (Vitisvinifera L.) leaves at 5℃ and recovery at 25℃ treatment. The results showed with the increase in concentrations of ABA or Ca²⁺, the contents of sucrose, glucose, fructose and starch were increased significantly, and they were at the maximums when the concentrations of ABA or Ca²⁺ were 5 mg·L^-1 or 15 mmol·L^-1, resulting in increases of 67.88%, 21.8%, 213.77%, 7.04%, 51.38%, 2.35%, 8.84%, and 31.81%, or 72.81%, 35.37%, 123.57%, 36.44%, 25.90%, 28.67%, 210.56%, and 210.90%, respectively; The activities of acid invertase (AI), neutral invertase (NI), sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthase (SS) were also increased markedly by 64.10%, 125.00%, 193.29%, 756.31%, 2 291.51%, 1 569.31%, 1 523.13%, and 1 336.77%, or 26.42%, 20.38%, 30.75%, 58.30%, 111.63%, 14.14%, 14.32%, and 66.39%, respectively. Our results provided evidence that exogenous ABA or Ca²⁺ may impose damages to grape seedlings caused by low temperature. Key components of the response are: enhanced the activities of AI, NI, SS and SPS, increased soluble sugar level in leaves, promoting cold resistance ability for seedling.

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