| 王来,高鹏翔,刘滨,侯琳,张硕新.农林复合对近地面微气候环境的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(5):21~25 |
| 农林复合对近地面微气候环境的影响 |
| Effect of agroforestry on microclimate environment (near land surface) |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2017.05.04 |
| 中文关键词: 农林复合 微气候 间作 核桃 小麦 |
| 英文关键词:agroforestry microclimate intercropping walnut wheat |
| 基金项目:“十三五”国家科技支撑计划“资源节约与环境改良型农林复合技术研究与示范”(2015BAD07B050202) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以渭北黄土区农林实践中发展最为迅速的核桃(Juglans regia)-小麦(Triticum aestivum)间作复合模式为研究对象，以两物种的单作系统为对照，讨论农林复合系统对近地面微气候环境的影响，为农林复合系统经营管理和模型的建立提供理论依据。结果表明，核桃-小麦间作降低了2—10月近地面气温和地温，期间气温平均值分别比核桃单作和小麦单作低0.66℃和0.97℃，期间地温平均值分别比核桃单作和小麦单作低0.71℃和1.41℃。核桃-小麦间作提高了11月至第2年1月近地面气温和地温，期间气温平均值分别比核桃单作和小麦单作高0.49℃和0.40℃，期间地温平均值分别比核桃单作和小麦单作高1.01℃和0.69℃。核桃-小麦间作各月近地面空气相对湿度均高于两单作系统，其全年平均值分别比核桃单作和小麦单作提高了14.33%和19.98%。核桃-小麦间作各月近地面平均风速和相对照度均低于两单作系统，其全年平均风速分别比核桃单作和小麦单作降低了26.32%和30.00%，全年平均相对照度分别比核桃单作和小麦单作降低了21.33%和45.93%。核桃-小麦间作浅层土壤湿度在4—5月低于两单作系统，在6—7月迅速升高，在7—9月高于两单作系统。核桃-小麦间作复合系统可以降低高温季节近地面的土壤温度、气温、风速和相对光强，这对降低土壤水分的无效蒸发具有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The influence of agroforestry system on microclimate environment near land surface was studied by means of walnut (Juglans regia) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) intercropping system, a widespread local agroforestry model in northern Wei River of loess area, with the two monoculture systems as the control. The purposes of this research was to provide theoretical basis for modeling and managing the agroforestry system scientifically. The results showed that the average air temperature during February～October of the intercropping system was 0.66℃ and 0.97℃ lower than that of the walnut and wheat monoculture systems respectively, on the contrary, 0.49℃ and 0.40℃ higher than the two monoculture systems respectively during November and January. The air relative humidity of the intercropping system every month was higher than that of the two monoculture systems, the annual average higher than the walnut monoculture and wheat monoculture by 14.33% and 19.98%, respectively. The wind speed of the intercropping system every month was lower than that of the two monoculture systems, the annual average was lower than that of walnut monoculture and wheat monoculture by 26.32% and 30.00%, respectively. The relative illumination of the intercropping system every month was lower than that of the two monoculture systems, the annual average was lower than that of walnut monoculture and wheat monoculture by 21.33% and 45.93%, respectively. The average ground temperature during February～October was lower in the intercropping system than that of the walnut monoculture and wheat monoculture respectively by 0.71℃ and 1.41℃, on the contrary, 1.01℃ and 0.69℃ higher than the two monoculture systems respectively during November～January. The soil moisture of the intercropping system was less than the two monoculture systems during April～May, yet it rose from June to July rapidly, higher than the two monoculture systems during July～September. Walnut-wheat intercropping system could reduce the soil temperature, air temperature, wind speed and relative illumination of near land surface in high temperature season. It is very important for reducing soil surface evaporation. |
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