刘欢,慕平,赵桂琴,周向睿.不同剂量除草剂对皮、裸燕麦光合特性及产量形成的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(6):124~133 |
不同剂量除草剂对皮、裸燕麦光合特性及产量形成的影响 |
The impact of herbicides concentrations on photosynthetic characters and production of covered and naked oat |
|
DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2017.06.19 |
中文关键词: 除草剂剂量 燕麦 光合特性 产量 主成分分析 |
英文关键词:herbicide concentration oats photosynthetic characters yield principal component analysis |
基金项目:甘肃省科技厅省青年基金(1506RJYA028);甘肃农业大学盛彤笙科技创新基金(GSAU-STS-1517);甘肃省教育厅高等学校科研项目(2015A-075);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-08-C) |
|
摘要点击次数: 1147 |
全文下载次数: 660 |
中文摘要: |
试验采用单因素随机区组设计,研究两种茎叶除草剂(立清和麦喜)在三个浓度下对皮燕麦‘陇燕3号’和裸燕麦‘白燕2号’生产性能指标及不同生育期倒二叶气体交换参数的影响,并通过综合评价,筛选高效除草剂的种类和剂量,以探讨除草剂对燕麦光合生理特性的作用机理。结果表明,在除草剂适宜浓度范围内 (立清675~2 025 mL·hm-2、麦喜90~270 mL·hm-2),与未施用除草剂相比,除草剂中、高浓度对燕麦子粒产量有明显促进作用,最高增幅达34.67%。两种茎叶除草剂对燕麦光合特性的影响为短期刺激效应,在皮、裸燕麦生长前期(分蘖期、拔节期)除草剂对叶片的叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)均有所抑制,对胞间CO2浓度(Ci)和水分利用效率(WUE)有所促进,且随着除草剂浓度的提高,各光合指标的变幅增大,在两种除草剂高浓度处理下,皮燕麦和裸燕麦生长前期的Pn值平均比对照低42.86%和50.65%,WUE高于对照99.47%和86.44%,开花期后这种影响则逐渐趋于缓和。通过对光合及产量指标的主成分分析,将13个单项指标转换为3个相互独立的综合指标,最终确定燕麦倒二叶Tr、SPAD、Pn及子粒千粒重可作为除草剂安全高效评价的参考指标,筛选出除草剂麦喜浓度在180 mL·hm-2时效果最佳。 |
英文摘要: |
In order to investigate the effects of two kinds of post-emergence application herbicides [Bromoxynil octanoate + MCPA-sodium (BOMS) and Florasulam + flumetsulam (FLF)] on yield and photosynthetic characteristics of oat, three concentrations of the two herbicides were conducted on covered oat ‘Longyan 3’and naked oat ‘Baiyan 2’ with a single-factor randomized bloke design. The gas exchange parameters of top second leaf in different growth stages and yield components of oat were measured. Further, using comprehensive evaluation, suitable concentration and kinds of herbicides with efficient and safe benefits were screened. The results showed that oat yield increased obviously under higher concentrations of herbicides in the reasonable ranges (BOMS concentration of 675~2 025 mL·hm-2 and FLF concentration of 90~270 mL·hm-2), the highest was up to 34.67% compared with the control. There was a short term stimulation effect of two kinds of post-emergence application herbicides on photosynthetic characters of oat. The chlorophyll content (SPAD), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) of covered and naked oat leaves were inhibited, instead, the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and water use efficiency (WUE) were increased under the herbicides stress during the early growth stages such as tillering stage and elongation stage. The change range increased by herbicide concentration, at the highest concentrations of two herbicides, the Pn average values of covered oat and naked oat in early stages were decreased by 42.86% and 50.65% than that of control respectively. Three independent comprehensive components were obtained from 13 single production indexes and photosynthetic indexes of oats by principal component analysis. The Tr, SPAD, Pn of top second leaf and 1000-kernel weight of seed were reference indexes for the prediction of efficient and safe of herbicides. In summary, FLF with concentration of 180 mL·hm-2 was proposed as the suitable practices for the target area. |
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |