| 谢亚萍,牛小霞,牛俊义,杨天庆,吕忠诚,张建平,赵玮,剡斌.钾肥和密度对胡麻干物质及钾积累转运和产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(6):194~200 |
| 钾肥和密度对胡麻干物质及钾积累转运和产量的影响 |
| Effect of potassium and density on dry matter and potassium accum ulation translocation and seed yield of oilseed flax |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2017.06.29 |
| 中文关键词: 钾肥 密度 胡麻 干物质 钾积累量 钾转运量 产量 |
| 英文关键词:potassium fertilizer density oilseed flax dry matter potassium accumulation potassium translocation seed yield |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-17-GW-9)；国家自然科学基金(31360315，31560347,31660368) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用田间试验，以陇亚杂1号胡麻品种为材料，研究了3个钾肥用量(K2O)：0，45 kg·hm-2和90 kg·hm-2和3个密度水平：4.5×106，7.5×106 株·hm-2和10.5×106 株·hm-2对胡麻干物质和钾养分积累、转运、子粒产量以及子粒中钾积累量的影响。试验结果表明，钾肥和密度促进了胡麻干物质及钾养分的积累和转运, 随施钾量和密度的增加，胡麻干物质和钾积累量增加，转运量升高，来自叶和蒴果皮及茎中干物质和钾对子粒的贡献率降低， 子粒产量来自花后干物质积累量增加，子粒中钾来自花后钾积累的量增加。在施钾45 kg·hm-2，密度7.5×106 株·hm-2处理下，花前营养器官干物质和钾转运量最高，分别为1 183.56 kg·hm-2和30.28 kg·hm-2，对子粒贡献率最低，分别为40.28%和58.72%，子粒产量和子粒钾最高，分别为2 938.33 kg·hm-2和51.57 kg·hm-2，与不施钾，密度4.5×106 株·hm-2处理相比较，分别提高了44.32%和49.43%。在本试验区同等环境条件下种植胡麻，以施钾45 kg·hm-2，密度7.5×106 株·hm-2为宜。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In the present study, the cultivar “Longyaza 1” was used as materiala, with three potassium fertilization treatments (K2O): 0, 45 kg·hm-2 and 90 kg·hm-2 and three plant density treatments: 4.5×106, 7.5×106 and 10.5×106 plant·hm-2 to investigate the effect of potassium and density on dry matter and potassium accumulation, translocation, seed yield and potassium in seed of oilseed flax(Linum usitatissimum L.). The result showed that dry matter and potassium accumulation increased, translocation amount increased, translocation rate decreased, dry matter and potassium translocation from leaf and pericarps and stem to seed contribution decreased, dry matter accumulation of seed yield after anthesis and potassium accumulation in seed after anthesis increased with increasing potassium and density. Under potassium rate (K2O) of 45 kg·hm-2 and density of 7.5×106 plant·hm-2 treatment, the translocation amount of dry matter and potassium from stem, leaf and pericarps of oilseed flax was as high as 1 183.56 kg·hm-2 and 30.28 kg·hm-2, respectively, compared with zero potassium and 4.5×106 plant·hm-2 treatment, and the lowest contribution to seed with 40.28% and 58.72%, respectively. Moreover, the highest seed yield and potassium in seed of oilseed flax were 2 938.33 kg·hm-2 and 51.57 kg·hm-2, respectively, increased by 44.32% and 49.43% compared to zero potassium and 4.5×106 plant·hm-2 treatment. In summary, the optimum fertilization was 45 kg·hm-2 (K2O) and 7.5×106 plant·hm-2 for oilseed flax cultivation in the target area. |
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