| 胡梓超,周蓓蓓,陈晓鹏,彭遥,王全九.纳米碳对关中地区土壤水分养分和小麦生长的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(1):1~9 |
| 纳米碳对关中地区土壤水分养分和小麦生长的影响 |
| Effects of Nano carbon on the soil moisture and nutrient and the growth of wheat in Guanzhong region |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.01.01 |
| 中文关键词: 纳米碳 冬小麦 土壤水分 土壤养分 生长发育 产量 |
| 英文关键词:nano carbon winter wheat soil moisture soil nutrient growth characteristics yield |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51239009)；陕西省科技支撑项目(2013KJXX-38)；陕西省自然科学基金(2015JQ 5161) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过在冬小麦田表层5～10 cm条施（宽5 cm×长100 cm）纳米碳（质量含量分别为0、0.001、0.005、0.007、0.010 kg·kg-1），研究了纳米碳对农田土壤水分、养分、冬小麦生长发育以及其产量的影响。结果表明： 农田土壤条施纳米碳后，冬小麦根系层土壤水分含量增加，深层土壤含水量降低，且土壤水分分布波动减小，其中纳米碳质量含量为0.007 kg·kg-1和0.010 kg·kg-1的小区从冬小麦幼苗期到灌浆期5～10 cm土壤深度内土壤平均含水量与对照组相比分别增加了4.5%和6.8%； 纳米碳在冬小麦各生育期内均可以有效提高小麦田间土壤剖面吸持养分的能力，且同一生育期内，纳米碳含量越高，土壤表层剖面养分浓度越大，其中纳米碳质量含量为0.007 kg·kg-1和0.010 kg·kg-1的小区在灌浆期5～10 cm土壤深度内平均硝态氮、速效磷、速效钾含量与对照组相比分别增加了25%、33.6%，43.7%、51.3%，6.6%、17.5%； 冬小麦茎粗、叶面积与生物量大体上与施用纳米碳的含量成正相关，其中纳米碳质量含量为0.007 kg·kg-1和0.010 kg·kg-1的处理对冬小麦生长发育过程的影响最为显著，产量与对照组相比分别增加了2.4%和3.5%。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| By belt application of different Nano carbon contents (0, 0.001, 0.005, 0.007 kg·kg-1 and 0.010 kg·kg-1) at surface soil layer of 5～10 cm in the winter wheat field, we analyzed the effects of nano carbon on soil moisture and nutrient, winter wheat growth process and yield. The results showed that belt application of nano carbon in the soil could increase soil moisture content in root layer of winter wheat, reduced the moisture content of deep soil and decrease the fluctuation of soil water distribution. Compared with the control group from winter wheat seedling stage to grain filling stage in 5～10 cm soil depth, the test zones with 0.007 kg·kg-1 and 0.010 kg·kg-1 in gravity nano carbon contents increased the average soil water content by 4.5% and 6.8%, respectively. Nano carbon effectively improved the wheat field soil's retention of nutrients in different growth stages of winter wheat, and in the same growth period, the nutrient concentration of surface soil increased with the increase of Nano carbon contents. And compared with the control group during winter wheat grain filling stage in 5～10 cm soil depth, the test zones with 0.007 kg·kg-1 and 0.010 kg·kg-1 in gravity nano carbon contents increased the average nitrate nitrogen by 25% and 33.6%, average available phosphorus by 43.7% and 51.3%, and average available potassium by 6.6% and 17.5%, respectively. The stem diameter, leaf area and biomass of winter wheat were generally positively correlated with nano carbon contents in the whole growth period of winter wheat, and the test zones with 0.007 kg·kg-1 and 0.010 kg·kg-1 in gravity nano carbon contents on the growth and development process of winter wheat is the most significant, the yield compared with the control group increased by 2.4% and 3.5%, respectively. |
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