| 董伟,杜学军,王栋,汪顺义,冯浩杰,任雪芹,胡树文.新型改良剂对苏打碱土理化性质及水稻产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(1):61~65 |
| 新型改良剂对苏打碱土理化性质及水稻产量的影响 |
| Effects of a new type of soil amendment on physical and chemical properties of soda alkali-saline soil and yield of the rice |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.01.09 |
| 中文关键词: 苏打型盐碱土 改良剂 水稻产量 土柱淋溶 |
| 英文关键词:soda alkali-saline soil soil amendment rice yield soil column leaching |
| 基金项目:农业部公益性行业科研专项(201303103-03)；国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0501200) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1315 |
| 全文下载次数: 797 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确新型土壤改良剂对碱土快速改良的效果，筛选出田间应用最佳的改良剂用量，采用田间试验与土柱淋溶模拟相结合方法，设A0（不加改良剂）、A1（改良剂5 t·hm-2）、A2（改良剂7.5 t·hm-2）、A3（改良剂15 t·hm-2）4个处理，研究不同用量改良剂对盐碱土pH值、水溶性盐总量、碱化度、土壤养分变化特性及水稻产量的影响。结果表明：与A0处理相比，用新型改良剂处理均显著降低了0～40 cm土层pH值、水溶性盐总量和Na+含量(P<0.05), 且随改良剂用量增加，呈现降低趋势。田间试验中施用改良剂的土壤碱化度由34.55%(A0)下降至18.20%(A3)(P<0.05)，同时降低了收获后土壤有机质和有效磷的含量(P<0.05)。 经改良后，水稻空瘪率显著降低(P<0.05)，水稻的有效分蘖增加，穗粒数和千粒重显著提高(P<0.05)，其中，A2处理水稻增产近三倍（290.8%）。综合改良效果与产投比，改良剂适宜施用量为7.5 t·hm-2。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To determine the effects of new soil amendment on alkaline soils improvement in a short time, we selected the optimum amendment application rate in field. The study performed four treatments of amendment application levels, 0, 5, 7.5, 15 t·hm-2, defined as A0, A1, A2, A3 respectively. With a combining field experiment and simulation of soil column leaching, soil pH, total dissolved salt content, alkalization degree, characteristic of soil nutrient transformation and rice yield were measured under different amendment application rates. The results indicated that all the amendment treatments significantly decreased 0～40 cm soil pH, total dissolved salt content and Na+ content (P<0.05), and this trend diminished with amendment application levels. In field, application of amendment reduced soil alkalization from 34.55% to 18.20%, with a significant decrease in SOM and Olsen-P. After the improvement of soil, percentage of blighted grain dramatically reduced while tillering amount and earring amount and particles weight increased. Particularly, the rice yield was increased by nearly three times (290.8%) in A2 treatment. Collectively, the optimum application rate of this new amendment is proposed as being 7.5 t·hm-2. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |