| 牛伊宁,刘冬梅,罗珠珠,柴强.不同供水水平对玉米/豌豆间作系统作物耗水特征的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(1):83~88 |
| 不同供水水平对玉米/豌豆间作系统作物耗水特征的影响 |
| Characteristics of crop water consumption under maize/pea intercropping systems with different irrigation levels |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.01.13 |
| 中文关键词: 玉米/豌豆间作 供水水平 隔根 土地当量比 水分利用率 收获指数 |
| 英文关键词:maize/pea intercropping irrigation levels root splitting land equivalent ratios water use efficiency harvest index |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31560379)；甘肃省财政厅高校基本科研业务费项目(035-041049)；甘肃省自然科学基金(1506RJZA003, 1606RJZA076)；甘肃省高等学校科研项目(2015B-051) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明根系分隔对间作群体产量、耗水量和水分利用效率的影响，解析间作群体高产和提高水分利用效率的机理，以玉米、豌豆为材料，设置了单作豌豆、单作玉米、玉米间作豌豆三种种植模式和地方传统供水水平（高）、生育期灌水低于地方传统供水水平10%（中）、生育期灌水水平低于地方传统供水水平20%（低）三个灌水梯度，并将玉米间作豌豆隔根方式分为塑料布分隔、尼龙网分隔和不分隔三种方式，于2011年4—10月在甘肃省武威市绿洲农业区系统研究了不同供水条件和根系分隔模式下玉米间作豌豆的耗水特征。结果表明：间作可以提高土地利用效率13.01%～42.13%，较单作平均提高作物水分利用效率3.07%～43.38%；不同间作处理的经济产量和生物产量比单作高12.90%～30.45%；不隔根间作作物产量比塑料布隔根处理高13.79％～17.17%，较尼龙网隔根处理高1.12%～3.52%。未隔根间作处理时，地方习惯灌水处理与低于10%灌水水平处理耗水量差异不显著，但显著低于降低20%灌水的处理。与单作相比，玉米/豌豆间作具有提高土地利用效率和作物产量的作用。隔根影响间作土地利用效率和产量的提高，且当地的传统灌水习惯也有待改进。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of root splitting on water use characteristics in maize/pea intercropping system. The crop grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) were also determined. Maize(Zea mays) and pea(Pisum satiyum) monoculture and their intercropping, with three irrigation strategies and three root separation methods as the main treatments were evaluated at oasis agriculture area in Wuwei city, Gansu Province from April to October, 2011. Plastic film separation, nylon mesh separation and non-separation as three root separation methods in maize/pea intercropping treatment, while the amount of water irrigation with local traditional apply (high level), less than traditional irrigation by 10% (medium level) and less than traditional irrigation by 20% (low level) as three irrigation strategies was used at crop growing period. Results showed that maize/pea intercropping increased the land equivalent ratios (LER) and crop WUE by 13.01%～42.13% and 3.07%～43.38% compared with monoculture, respectively. Crop grain yield and aboveground biomass of different maize/pea intercropping treatments were increased by 12.90%～30.45% compared to monoculture. Grain yield of root without separation treatments were 13.79%～17.17% higher than the root separated with plastic film, and 1.12%～3.52% higher than root separated by nylon treatment. The amount of water consumes was not significantly different between the medium irrigation treatment (10% lower than traditional irrigation) and local traditional irrigation, but it was significantly decreased than the lower irrigation (20% lower than traditional irrigation) treatment. In conclusion, compared to monoculture cropping, maize/pea intercropping system was beneficial to increase the LER and improve crop yield. Root splitting had no benefit on crop yield improvement and on LER increasing in intercropping system. |
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