| 王丹,毕华兴,许华森,蔡智才,常译方,陈玥.苹果花生间作系统土壤水分动态及主要竞争区域[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(1):89~94 |
| 苹果花生间作系统土壤水分动态及主要竞争区域 |
| The dynamic change and the competition area of soil moisture in apple-peanut intercropping system |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.01.14 |
| 中文关键词: 晋西黄土区 苹果-花生间作系统 土壤水分 主要竞争区域 |
| 英文关键词:the Loess Plateau of west Shanxi Province apple-peanut intercropping system soil moisture the main competition area |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31470638) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1898 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以晋西黄土区典型苹果-花生间作系统为研究对象，研究间作系统界面土壤水分动态变化以及土壤水分的主要竞争区域，旨在提高该地区果农间作系统降水生产力、土壤水分利用效率。采用烘干称重法对苹果树行（行距为5 m）距苹果树不同距离处0～60 cm土层的土壤水分含量进行监测，利用移动窗口法对土壤水分的主要竞争区域进行分析。研究表明： 花生的苗期、开花期、结荚期和成熟期，土壤水分含量较低，均未超过20%，且各时期土壤水分含量差异显著，苗期和成熟期土壤水分含量高于开花期和结荚期，开花期土壤水分含量最低； 以距苹果树南北两侧各2.5 m为分界线，距离果树越远，土壤水分含量先降低再升高，最低点在距树行1.2 m左右； 在花生各生育期，与花生单作比较，间作系统土壤水分皆呈现出负效应，分别是-25.16%、-20.26%、-12.97%和-11.13%； 苹果-花生间作系统苗期的主要竞争区域是距树南侧0.8～2 m和距树北侧0.8～1.8 m，竞争宽度2.2 m； 花生开花期的主要竞争区域为距树南侧0.8～1.8 m和距树北侧1～2 m，结荚期和成熟期土壤水分的主要竞争宽度最小，为1.8 m，主要竞争区域分别是距树南侧0.8～1.8 m、距树北侧0.8～1.6 m和距树南侧0.8～1.6 m、距树北侧0.8～1.8 m。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The objective of this study is to analyze moisture dynamic changes and the main competition area in apple-peanut intercropping system and improve the productivity of rainfall and the efficiency of soil moisture in the intercropping systems on the Loess Plateau of west Shanxi Province. Soil moisture contents between two rows of apple trees (spacing of 5 m) and at different distances from the apple trees were monitored by oven drying method. And the main competition area was investigated with the moving split window technique. Overall, soil moisture content was low and the maximum did not exceed 20% in different phenophases (including seedling stage, flowering stage, bearing pod stage and mature stage) of peanut. In addition, soil moisture content was significantly different among phenophases. The soil moisture content of seedling stage and mature stage was higher than flowering stage and bearing pod stage while the lowest was in flowering stage. Taking 2.5 m from apple trees as the dividing line, soil moisture content decreased at first and then increased with the increase of the distance from trees, and the lowest soil moisture content was detected when the distance is around 1.2 m from the trees. In four different phenophases of peanut, comparing with peanut monoculture system,soil moisture in apple-peanut intercropping system showed negative effect, namely -25.16% - 20.26% - 12.97% and -11.13%. The main competition area of seedling stage was 0.8～2 m away from the south side of apple trees and 0.8～1.8 m away from the north side of apple trees, where the competitive width is 2.2 m. The main competition area of flowering stage was 0.8～1.8 m away from the south side of apple trees and 1～2 m for the north side. The minimum competitive width of soil moisture was in both bearing pod stage and mature stage which was 1.8 m simultaneously. The main competition area in bearing pod stage was 0.8～1.8 m away from the south side of apple trees and 0.8～1.6 m away from the north side of apple trees. Meanwhile, in the mature stage, the main competition area is 0.8～1.6 m away from the south side of apple trees and 0.8～1.8 m away from the north side of apple trees. |
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