| 田萍,李娟,李建设,高艳明,任慧,曹少娜.微咸水灌溉方式对设施番茄根区土壤矿质元素及离子含量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(2):101~106 |
| 微咸水灌溉方式对设施番茄根区土壤矿质元素及离子含量的影响 |
| Effect of saline water soil nutrients and ions content of greenhouse tomato under different irrigation methods |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.02.15 |
| 中文关键词: 微咸水 灌溉方式 土壤 矿质元素 |
| 英文关键词:saline water irrigation method soil mineral elements |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目“微咸水灌溉方式对番茄果实糖积累及蔗糖代谢影响机理”(31560569)；宁夏科技支撑计划项目“设施高品质番茄与蔬菜定量精准灌溉研究” |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用单因素完全随机区组试验，以EC=3 mS·cm-1的微咸水直接灌溉为对照，共设5个处理，分别为：CK：微咸水直接灌溉，T1：淡水灌溉（即试验温室井水）、T2：混合水灌溉(微咸水∶淡水＝1∶1)、T3：微咸水和淡水按次轮灌、T4：微咸水和淡水按生育期轮灌（苗期、开花期用淡水处理，果实发育期微咸水处理），每个处理3次重，研究了微咸水不同灌溉方式对沙土槽培下“京番301”番茄坐果期、盛果期、盛果后期番茄根区土壤矿质元素含量的影响，为微咸水的合理、安全利用提供理论参考。结果表明：微咸水参与下的4种灌溉方式均可以提高番茄三个生育时期土壤全盐、速效钾及HCO3-、SO42-、Mg2+、Na+等离子的含量；CK处理可以提高坐果期、盛果后期土壤全氮、速效氮含量，显著降低盛果期土壤全氮、速效氮含量及各时期土壤全磷、速效磷含量；T1处理下，番茄三个生育期土壤全磷、速效磷含量最高，盛果期土壤全氮含量最高，T2处理可以显著提高三个生育期番茄根区土壤中铁、锰、锌、铜4种微量元素的含量。T3处理下三个生育期番茄根区土壤中全量养分、速效养分含量居中，盐分离子含量与T2及T4处理差异不显著，但整体以T4处理土壤盐分离子积累最少。相比T1而言，T4处理也可一定程度提高土壤中全量养分和速效养分含量。综上，微咸水、淡水按次轮灌（T4处理）为微咸水较为合理、安全的利用方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| single factor randomized block experiment was conducted with direct irrigation with saline water (EC=3 mS·cm-1) as control. Therewere five treatments in total including CK: saline water direct irrigation , T1: fresh water irrigation, T2: well mixed water irrigation(saline water: freshwater=1∶1), T3: Saline water and fresh water rotation irrigation according to plant growth periods, T4: saline water, freshwater irrigation in sequence respectively, to study effect of saline water on contents of soil mineral elements in tomato root zone at fruit-set periods, full bearing period, later stage of full bearing period of different irrigation method of saline water, to provide a theory references to rational and secure use of saline water. Results showed that: Several irrigation methods of saline water can increase contents of total salts, available K and HCO3-、SO42-、Mg2+、Na+ of soil at three growth period of tomato; CK treatment can improve the content of soil total N, available N at tomato furit-set and late growth period, decrease total N, available N at tomato full bearing period, decrease total P, available P at every period remarkably respectively. T1 treatment can get a higher total P and available P content of soil at the three periods, and soil total N content was the highest at full bearing period. T2 treatment can improve the content of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu of root zone soil of tomato. At the three periods, the content of total and available nutrients of tomato root zone soil was between two parties, the content of salt ions have no significant difference with T2 and T4 treatment, and the T4 treatment was the lowest on the whole. Compared with T1, T4 treatment also can improve the content of total and available nutrients. In conclusion, saline water, freshwater irrigation in sequence (T4) is a comparatively rational and secure use pattern of saline water. |
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