| 戚迎龙,李彬,赵举,张建华,李敏,李经伟,包额尔敦噶,冯晔,杨玉芬.西辽河流域春玉米节水灌溉模式评价与优选[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(3):44~50 |
| 西辽河流域春玉米节水灌溉模式评价与优选 |
| Evaluation and optimal selection of water\|saving irrigation mode for spring maize in West Liao River Basin |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.03.07 |
| 中文关键词: 节水灌溉 效益分析 综合评价 浅埋不覆膜滴灌 层次分析法 |
| 英文关键词:water saving irrigation benefit analysis comprehensive evaluation shallow buried no mulch drip irrigation hierarchy analy sismethod |
| 基金项目:内蒙古农牧业科技创新基金（CXJJ2017NO10）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0400305） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究西辽河流域春玉米适宜节水灌溉模式，以低压管道畦田灌、膜下滴灌、浅埋不覆膜滴灌和平移式喷灌4种玉米节水灌溉模式应用过程中的“经济-技术-环境”效益为评价准则，构建了层次分析模型，引入项目研究与调研取得的数据结合专家模糊语言集，改进了经典层次分析法，对不同灌溉模式做出系统性的综合评价。结果表明：低压管道畦田灌生育期内仅在农资及灌溉材料上节约投入，而其灌溉过程人工与电力投入时间长、费用高、追肥农机与相应人工投入大，经济效益得分最低（0.2613）。膜下滴灌对比不覆膜浅埋滴灌有更好的节水效果、对比平移式喷灌有更好的运行维护便捷性与应用地形适应性，技术效果综合得分最高（0.0671）。计算各层级权重向量与隶属函数值结果表明，现今残膜污染已引起专家学者们的高度重视与担忧，亟需理论与技术方面的研发来应对。浅埋不覆膜滴灌较高的经济效益得分（0.3692）和环境效益得分（0.577）使其总分排序第一，可获得较好的综合效益，建议在该区域适度推广与应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the suitable water saving irrigation model for spring maize in West Liaohe River Basin, using the benefits of “economy-technology-environment” as evaluating criteria for the four water-saving irrigation modes as low pressure pipe border irrigation, drip irrigation under plastic film mulch, shallow buried no mulch drip irrigation and horizontal mobile sprinkler irrigation,has established the hierarchical analysis model,improved the classical hierarchy analysis method by introduction of the data obtained by project research and investigation,combined with the expert fuzzy language set,made out the systemic comprehensive evaluation for the different irrigation modes.The results showed that: Low pressure pipe border irrigation could save investment only on agricultural capital and irrigation materials, but it needs much longer time and high cost for artificial and electric power input during irrigation process, also need higher cost for agricultural machinery for top dressing, so the score of economic benefit was the lowest (0.2613). The drip irrigation under film mulch comparing with shallow buried drip irrigation, possessed much better water-saving effect, and comparing with the horizontal mobile sprinkler irrigation,possessed more convenience for operation and maintenance and adaptability for terrain application.So the comprehensive score of technical effect was the highest(0.0671).The calculated results of weight vector and subordinative function value for each hierarchy showed that the residual membrane pollution has caused great attention and worry by experts and scholars, urgent need the theoretical and technological research and development toreply.The shallow buried no mulch drip irrigation possessed rather high economic benefit score(0.3692) and environmental benefit score(0.577),so the totalscore was sorted the first and can be obtainrather good comprehesive benefits. So it was suggested that can be appropriately popularized and applied in this area. |
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