| 马兴,董星晨,张健,罗超越,邓德雷,张春红,王友玲,邱慧珍.黄瓜枯萎病拮抗菌的拮抗促生因子检测及生物效应研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(3):130~138 |
| 黄瓜枯萎病拮抗菌的拮抗促生因子检测及生物效应研究 |
| Determining antagonistic and growth promoting factors of bacteria strains against cucumber Fusarium wilt and studies on their biological effects |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.03.20 |
| 中文关键词: 尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型 黄瓜枯萎病 拮抗菌 萎缩芽孢杆菌 |
| 英文关键词:Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum cucumber Fusarium wilt antagonistic bacteria Bacillus atrophaeus |
| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2015CB150501)；国家自然科学基金(31360500)；国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103004)；白银市白银区科技计划项(2014-5N)；甘肃农业大学校创新基金(GAU-CX1021) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以黄瓜枯萎病病原菌，尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型(FOC, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum)为靶标筛选拮抗菌。通过初筛和复筛，获得2株对尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型拮抗效果稳定、拮抗能力较强的细菌QHZ[CD*2]Yb1和QHZ[CD*2]Yb2(以下简称,Yb1和Yb2)，采用平板对峙法测定其拮抗作用，抑菌带宽度达3.37 mm和3.42 mm，抑菌圈直径>2.7 cm，抑菌率分别达到61.9%和62.3%；通过形态学结合生理生化及菌株的16S rDNA序列分析，初步确定这两株菌均为萎缩芽孢杆菌（Bacillus atrophaeus）；潜在拮抗促生因子的测定结果表明：菌株Yb1和Yb2具有多种拮抗促生因子，其脂肽类粗提取物的抑菌率分别达到57.4%和58.0%，生长素 IAA的分泌量可达1.56 mg·L-1和3.69 mg·L-1，溶P量为0.77 mg·L-1和1.19 mg·L-1，两个菌株均可产嗜铁素、分泌酪蛋白酶；种子萌发试验结果表明：Yb1和Yb2菌液均可促进黄瓜种子的萌发；菌株生物效应的盆栽试验结果表明：Yb1、Yb2以及Yb1+Yb2菌悬液的处理不仅对黄瓜枯萎病有明显的生防效果，而且可显著增加黄瓜植株的生物量，增加黄瓜植株根际土中细菌和放线菌的数量，减少真菌和尖孢镰刀菌的数量，尤其以Yb1+Yb2菌悬液的处理效果最显著，对黄瓜枯萎病的发病率降低11.11个百分点，植株生物量增加56.7%。结论：菌株Yb1和Yb2具有生防潜力，两菌株配合运用效果更好。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The strains with antagonistic activity against cucumber Fusarium wilt pathogen (FOC, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum) were screened. Two strains named QHZ[CD*2]Yb1 and QHZ[CD*2]Yb2 were obtained by primary and repeated screening, which showed stable and strong antagonism. It produced inhibition zones with respective width of 3.37mm and 3.42mm and their diameter more than 2.7cm, and the inhibition rates were up to 61.9% and 62.3% by the plate confrontation method. Two strains were preliminarily identified as Bacillus atrophaeus based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical identifications, and the 16S rDNA sequence analyse. In addition, the experiment determining antagonistic and growth promoting factors was conducted to examine the capacity of the strains. The results showed that Yb1 and Yb2 produced multiple antagonistic and growth promoting factors.The antibacterial rate of lipopeptide extracted from the two strains were 57.4% and 58% respectively.The secretion of growth hormone(IAA)were 1.56mg·L-1 and 3.69mg·L-1 respectively. The amount of solubilizing P were 0.77mg·L-1 and1.19mg·L-1 respectively.Siderophore and casease can also be produced in two strains. Seed germination test showed that the bacteria suspension of Yb1 and Yb2 could promote the germination of cucumber seeds.According to the pot experiment of bacteria’s biological effect,Whether the strains were combined or not, it not only had obviously biocontrol effect on cucumber Fusarium wilt, but also significantly increased plant biomass and the amount of bacteria and actinomycetes in cucumber plants rhizosphere, reduced the number of fungi and Fusarium oxysporum. The biocontrol efficiency using the combination of two strains was significantly higher than that of Yb1 or Yb2, which made the incidence of cucumber fusarium wilt reduce 11.11% and the plants biomass increase 56.7%. In conclusion, both Yb1 and Yb2 have well biocontrol potential against FOC. Moreover, Yb1 and Yb2 in combination showed the highest efficiency compared with Yb1 or Yb2 alone. |
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