| 张腾,崔利利,刘艳妮,马臣,李顺莉,毛晖,王朝辉.施用纳米氧化锌对小麦籽粒锌含量和锌利用率的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(4):7~14 |
| 施用纳米氧化锌对小麦籽粒锌含量和锌利用率的影响 |
| Effects of ZnO NPs application on grain zinc content and zinc utilization of wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.04.02 |
| 中文关键词: 纳米氧化锌 喷施 土施 小麦 籽粒锌含量 锌肥利用率 |
| 英文关键词:ZnO NPs spraying application soil application wheat grain Zinc content Zinc fertilizer utilization efficiency |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41571282）；中央高校基本科研业务费（2452015047）;科技部支撑计划项目（2015BAD23B04）;农业部公益性行业专项（201503124） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用田间小区试验，设置不施锌、土施硫酸锌、喷施硫酸锌、土喷结合硫酸锌以及土施纳米氧化锌、喷施纳米氧化锌和土喷结合纳米氧化锌7个处理，研究了不同锌肥施用方式对小麦产量、锌等微量元素含量和累积量以及锌利用率的影响。结果表明，各施锌处理对小麦籽粒产量均没有显著影响，而施用纳米氧化锌则显著增加籽粒锌含量，单独土施使锌含量从对照的18.9 mg·kg-1增加至24.6 mg·kg-1，增幅达30%；单独喷施籽粒锌含量增加至28.4 mg·kg-1，增幅达50%；土喷结合处理籽粒锌含量增加至30.2 mg·kg-1，增幅达60%。单独喷施纳米氧化锌处理较硫酸锌处理提高籽粒锌强化指数近3倍，达到9.7 mg·kg-1;籽粒铁含量较喷施硫酸锌提高近2.5倍，达到58.9 mg·kg-1。同时，单独喷施纳米氧化锌显著增加了叶片锌累积量，使得地上部锌利用率达到35%，较硫酸锌处理增加近4倍，差异达到显著水平。由此可见，喷施纳米氧化锌较硫酸锌对提高小麦籽粒锌铁含量有更好的效果，可能由于纳米颗粒的小尺寸效应降低了叶片上锌的脱落。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different zinc fertilizer applications on the yield, grain zinc content and zinc accumulation and zinc utilization rate of winter wheat. Seven treatments were set up:, no zinc(CK), soil application of ZnSO4, ZnSO4 spray, soil+spray ZnSO4, soil ZnO NPs, ZnO NPs spray and soil+spray ZnO NPs. The results showed that each application of zinc had no significant effect on grain yield, while the application of ZnO NPs significantly increased grain zinc content, and the individual application of soil increased the zinc content from the control's 18.9 mg·kg-1 to 24.6 mg·kg-1 with 30% increase range, ; the grain zinc content of the ZnSO4 spray increased to 28.4 mg·kg-1, increased by 50%; and the grain zinc content of the soil+spray ZnSO4 treatment increased to 30.2 mg·kg-1, increased by 60%; ZnO NPs spraying alone improved the grain zinc-enchanced index by nearly 3 times reaching 9.7 mg·kg-1, the grain iron content was increased by 2.5 times compared with ZnSO4 spray, reaching 58.9 mg·kg-1. At the same time, ZnO NPs spray treatment significantly increased the amount of zinc accumulation in the leaves, making the utilization rate of zinc in the above-ground parts reach 35%, which was nearly 4 times higher than that of ZnSO4 spray treatment, and reached a significant difference. It can be seen that the application of ZnO NPs compared with other treatments has higher efficiency and efficiency of zinc and iron in wheat grain, which may reduce the shedding of zinc in the leaves due to the small size effect of nanoparticles. |
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