| 蒋腊梅,白桂芬,吕光辉,杨建军,何学敏,刘志东,蔡艳.不同管理模式对干旱区草原土壤团聚体稳定性及其理化性质的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(4):15~21 |
| 不同管理模式对干旱区草原土壤团聚体稳定性及其理化性质的影响 |
| Effects of different management modes on soil aggregate stability and physicochemical properties of grassland in arid area |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.04.03 |
| 中文关键词: 草地 管理模式 土壤团聚体 有机质含量 理化性质 |
| 英文关键词:grassland management modes aggregate particle organic matter content physico chemical properties |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2014BAC15B04） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过湿筛法，对阿勒泰地区人工草地、禁牧草场、季节草场、弃耕草地和天然草地5种管理模式土壤进行粒径分组及理化性质分析。结果表明:天然草地的有机质含量最高（16.337 g·kg-1），人工草地最低（10.623 g·kg-1），天然草地有机质含量显著高于其它草地(P＜0.05)；土壤大团聚体含量顺序为禁牧草地(29.83%)＞天然草地(25.33%)＞季节草地(21.47%)＞弃耕草地(19.28%)＞人工草地(9.96%)；在0~50 cm土壤深度的各土层上，不同管理模式下土壤水稳性团聚体平均质量直径（MWD)变化规律基本一致，禁牧草地团聚体和几何平均直径（MWD和GMD）值均明显高于其它4种管理模式，人工草地MWD和GMD值最低;大团聚体含量与土壤有机碳（SOC）、MWD和GMD呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.402、0.931和0.945，而微团聚体含量与SOC、MWD和GMD呈极显著负相关，相关系数分别为-0.383、-784和-0.779。土壤速效磷与MWD、GMD、SOC和各粒级团聚体相关性不显著。比较几种管理模式，相对于天然草地来说，禁牧草地大团聚体含量是天然草地的1.01倍，说明禁牧的方式更利于土壤团聚体的形成与稳定，而人工草地大团聚体含量则是天然草地的0.39，说明人为干扰对土壤团聚体稳定性的破坏较为严重。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The soil aggregate has great influence on soil fertility, quality and its sustainable utilization, which is the basis for water and fertilizer’s storage and release. Particle size grouping and physicochemical properties were investigated in five kinds of grassland soil in Altay Prefecture, including artificial grassland, banning grazing grassland, seasonal grassland, abandoned grassland and natural grassland, by wet sieve method. The results are: The organic matter content ranged from 10.623 g·kg-1 in artificial grassland to 16.337 g·kg-1 in natural grassland. The organic content of natural grassland is significantly higher than that of grasslands (P<0.05). The order from high to low of soil macro aggregates content was: ungrazed grassland (29.83%) > natural grassland (25.33%) > season grassland (21.47%) > abandoned grassland (19.28%) > artificial Grassland (9.96%). MWD (mean weight diameter) of soil water stable aggregates have similar variation trend in the 0-50cm soil layers for the five management modes of grasslands. GMD (geometric mean diameter) and MWD values of aggregates in banning grazing grassland were significantly higher than those of grassland under other management patterns, with the artificial grassland having the lowest MWD and GMD. The content of macro aggregates is positively correlated with soil’s SOC, MWD and GMD, correlation coefficient was 0.402, 0.931 and 0.945 respectively. In contrast, the micro aggregates content have a highly significant negative correlation with soil SOC, MWD and GMD, and correlation coefficient was -0.383, -0.784 and -0.779 respectively. No significant correlation was detected between soil available phosphorus and MWD, GMD, SOC, different aggregate particle fractions. Comparison of several management modes, aggregate content of banning grazing grassland is 1.01 times of natural grassland, compared with the natural grassland. It indicated that the formation and stability of soil aggregates benefited by banning grazing management. The artificial grassland’s aggregates content was only 0.39 times of that of natural grassland, indicating that human disturbance destroyed the stability of soil aggregate. |
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