张家乐,栗孟飞,杨德龙,刘媛,陈菁菁,程宏波,常磊,柴守玺.干旱胁迫条件下小麦各器官可溶性碳水化合物积累转运相关性状遗传分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(4):264~271
干旱胁迫条件下小麦各器官可溶性碳水化合物积累转运相关性状遗传分析
Genetic analysis of WSC’s accumulation and transport characteristics in different vegetative organs in wheat natural population under drought stress
  
DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.04.38
中文关键词:  小麦  自然群体  干旱胁迫  可溶性碳水化合物  积累转运  遗传多样性
英文关键词:wheat  natural population  drought stress  WSC accumulation and remobilization  genetic diversity
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31760385,31460348,30960195);甘肃省农业生物技术研究与应用开发项目(GNSW-2015-18);甘肃农业大学“伏羲人才”计划(FXRC20130102)
作者单位
张家乐 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070 
栗孟飞 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070 
杨德龙 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070 
刘媛 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070 
陈菁菁 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070 
程宏波 甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070 
常磊 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070 
柴守玺 甘肃农业大学农学院, 甘肃 兰州 730070 
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中文摘要:
      以小麦自然群体196个品种(系)为研究材料,研究了干旱胁迫(DS)和正常灌溉(WW)条件下,小麦不同发育阶段各器官可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量、转运率及其对籽粒贡献率,以及主穗粒重的遗传特性及各目标性状之间的相关性。结果表明:在两种水分条件下,小麦自然群体各目标性状表型变异广泛,变异系数在7.11%~68.55%(DS)和9.50%~57.37%(WW),多样性指数在0.61~0.93(DS)和0.62~0.88(WW),遗传力在0.24~0.53。各目标性状表型受发育阶段、器官和水分环境的显著影响(F=1.95**~32 775.74**)。其中,WSC含量受发育阶段和器官的影响显著(F=32 775.74**,11 223.18**),WSC转运率受水分环境的影响显著(F=245.07**,274.61**),而WSC转运对籽粒的贡献率受器官显著影响(F=1 482.96**,390.15**)。灌浆中期WSC含量与主茎穗粒重之间均表现出显著或极显著正相关(r=0.15**~0.36**),且干旱胁迫条件下相关系数更高(r=0.21**~0.36**)。倒二节WSC相关性状表型变异系数、多样性指数,以及与其他性状表型的相关系数均达到最高。通过对灌浆期倒二节WSC积累转运相关性状表型值聚类分析,得到15个灌浆期WSC含量、花前转运率及贡献率较高的品种(系)。
英文摘要:
      A natural population composed of 165 wheat cultivars/lines was used to study genetic characteristics of water soluble carbohydrates (WSC)'s accumulation, transport rate, its contribution to grain mass, and the grain weight of the main spike at the different growth stages, as well as the correlations between the target traits under drought stress (DS) and well-watered (WW) conditions. The results showed that under the two types of water conditions, the phenotypic variation of each trait in the natural population was extensiveand the coefficients of variations ranged from 7.11% to 68.55% under DS and from 9.50% to 57.37% under WW. The diversity index varied from 0.61 to 0.93 under DS and from 0.62 to 0.88 under WW. The heritabilityvariedfrom 0.24 to 0.53. The phenotypic value of each target trait was significantly affected by the developmental stage, the organ and the water environment(F=1.95**~32 775.74**). WSC content was significantly affected by developmental stageand organs(F=32 775.74**,11 223.18**), WSC transport rate was significantly affected by water environments (F=245.07**,274.61**), and WSC contribution rate to grain filling was significantly affected by organs (F=1 482.96**,390.15**). There was a significant or highly significant positive correlation between the WSC content and grain weight per main spike in the middle grain-filling stage (r=0.15**~0.36**), with higher correlation coefficient under the DS (r=0.21**~0.36**). The phenotypic variation coefficient, diversity index and correlation coefficient with othertrait phenotypeof WSC-related traits reached the highest in penultimate internodes. Based on the cluster analysis of WSC-accumulation-related traits in penultimate internodes, 15 accessions were selected with higher WSC content in grain-filling stage and higher WSC remobilization rate and contribution rate in pre-anthesis stage.
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