| 杨磊,王卫超,张凤华.开垦对土壤团聚体含量及微生物群落代谢多样性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(5):215~222 |
| 开垦对土壤团聚体含量及微生物群落代谢多样性的影响 |
| Effects of reclamationon content and microorganism community metabolic diversity of soil aggregates |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.05.31 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤团聚体 Biolog方法 碳源利用 代谢多样性 开垦 |
| 英文关键词:soil aggregation biolog carbon utilization metabolic diversity reclamation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31360320）;公益性行业（农业）科研专项项目（201503120）;兵团科技攻关与成果转化项目（2016AD022） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以新疆玛纳斯河流域盐渍化弃耕地为研究对象，基于Biolog生态平板法，分析开垦前后土壤团聚体组成分布及团聚体微生物代谢多样性的变化，从而评价人为开垦对弃耕地土壤质量的影响。结果表明：弃耕地开垦增加了各土层＞0.25 mm团聚体的含量，增加范围在3%～18%。弃耕地开垦前后土壤均以0.25～0.053 mm团聚体比例最高，与其它各粒径团聚体差异显著（P＜0.05）。开垦后土壤团聚体微生物平均颜色变化率显著高于弃耕地。弃耕地＜0.053 mm团聚体微生物群落AWCD显著高于＞0.25 mm各粒径团聚体，开垦后各粒径团聚体微生物群落AWCD关系为：2～1 mm＞0.25～0.053 mm＞1～0.25 mm＞(＜0.053 mm)＞(＞5 mm)＞5～2 mm。开垦增加了＞0.25 mm团聚体微生物物种丰富度指数，而＜0.25 mm团聚体却相反；开垦后土壤各粒径团聚体微生物均匀度指数均显著高于弃耕地，而土壤微生物优势度指数均低于弃耕地，其中在5～2、2～1、1～0.25 mm和0.25～0.053 mm四个粒径中更为显著。开垦前后土壤团聚体微生物对6大碳源利用强度存在着差异，弃耕地土壤团聚体微生物对多聚物的利用率最高，开垦后其优势碳源转变为碳水化合物。主成分分析表明，开垦前后土壤团聚体微生物群落碳源利用在PC1上出现差异。碳水化合物类、羧酸类和氨基酸类碳源是影响土壤团聚体微生物代谢多样性的主要碳源。总体来说，开垦对土壤团聚体微生物群落代谢多样性具有重要影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The researchwas conducted on Salinization of abandoned farmland in Manasi River of Xinjiang, China. Based on Biolog ecological plate method,the distribution of soil aggregation and the functional diversity of aggregate-associated microorganism were analyzed in proand post reclamation to evaluate the effect of artificial reclamation on soil quality. The results showed that the content of soil aggregate＞0.25 mm in whole soil profile increased 3%~18% after reclamation. The content of soil aggregate 0.25~0.053 mm was significantly higher than other particles in abandoned farmland and after reclamation (P<0.05). The average well color development of soil aggregate-associated microorganism after reclamation was significantly higher than that in abandoned farmland. The AWCD in the ＜0.053 mm soil aggregate-associated microorganism was significantly higher than that in the ＞0.25 mm soil aggregate in abandoned farmland. The AWCD of soil aggregate-associated microorganism in different particle sizes present orderedas 2~1 mm＞0.25~0.053 mm＞1~0.25 mm＞(＜0.053 mm)＞(＞5 mm)＞5~2 mm. Richness index of ＞0.25 mm soil aggregate-associated microorganism increased and which of < 0.25 mm soil aggregate-associated microorganism decreased after reclamation.Evenness index of soil aggregate-associated microorganism was significantly higher than that in abandoned farmland after reclamation. Dominance index of soil aggregate-associated microorganism was lower than that in abandoned farmland after reclamation, especially in the 5~2,2~1,1~0.25 mm and 0.25~0.053 mm soil aggregate. Six carbon source’s utilization intensity of soil aggregate-associated microorganism is different between abandoned farmland and reclaimed farmland. The highest utilization of polymers was observed in soil aggregate microorganism in abandoned farmland, but it changed to carbohydrate after reclamation. The carbon source utilization of soil microorganism was different on PC1 in pro-post abandoned farmland. Carbohydrates, carboxylic acids and amino acids were the main carbon sources that caused the diversity of microbial metabolism in soil aggregates. In general, reclamation had an important influence on soil aggregates metabolic diversity of microbial community. |
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