| 王建兵,汪治桂,蒋友严.1961—2010年青藏高原—黄土高原过渡区可能蒸散率的变化特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(5):264~269 |
| 1961—2010年青藏高原—黄土高原过渡区可能蒸散率的变化特征 |
| The variance of the PER in the transition region between the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the Loess Plateau during 1961-2010 |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.05.37 |
| 中文关键词: 可能蒸散率（PER） 变化 暖干化 青藏高原—黄土高原过渡区 |
| 英文关键词:PER variance warm-drying trend the transition region between the Qinhai-Xizang Plateau and the Loess Plateau |
| 基金项目:甘肃省自然科学基金青年基金项目(1506RJYA189) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 利用位于青藏高原—黄土高原过渡区内18个气象站1961—2010年的月平均气温、月降水量等地面气象观测资料，采用Holdridge可能蒸散率(PER)计算方法，对区域内近50a（1961—2010年）地表干燥度的变化趋势进行了分析。发现在区域内存在极湿润区、湿润区、亚湿润区和半干旱区四个不同的气候区，PER在空间分布上有明显的自南向北逐渐上升的特点。区域内极湿润区、湿润区、亚湿润区和半干旱区PER的年际变化趋势分别为0.01·10a-1、0.04·10a-1、0.06·10a-1和-0.02·10a-1，从20世纪80～90年代开始，在湿润区、亚湿润区大部分地方出现了明显的暖干化趋势，而在半干旱区有暖湿化的趋势。区域东部PER升高的主要原因是由于降水量的减少和气温上升，区域西部在降水量增加的情况下，PER仍出现上升的趋势，其主要原因是由于气温上升导致蒸散量增加，且蒸散量增加的幅度超过了降水量增加的幅度；而处于半干旱区的青海省循化县，由于可能蒸散量的上升趋势和降水量的增加趋势非常接近，故其变化最小，有暖湿化的趋势。暖干化已经对青藏高原—黄土高原过渡区内的生态环境、水资源和农牧业生产造成了严重影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Based on data of mean temperature and precipitation during 1961-2010 from 18 weather stations in the transition region between the Qinhai-Xizang plateau and the Loess plateau, the variance of the soil surface aridity index was analyzed and the PER (Potential Evapotranspiration Rate) was computed by Holdridge model. The results indicated that there were 4 humidity provinces (perhumid,humid,subhumid and semiarid) in this area. The spatial distribution of PER showed an increasing trend from the south to the north. The increasing tendency of PER in the perhumid zone, humid zone, subhumid zone and semiarid zone was 0.01·10a-1, 0.04·10a-1,0.06·10a-1 and -0.02·10a-1. There was an obvious warm-drying trend in the humid zone and subhumid zone starting from the 80-90′s, 20th century and the semiarid zone showed a warm-wetting trend concurrently. The temperature increasing and the precipitation decreasing were main influential factors to the PER rising in the eastern area. Although the precipitation increased in the western part, the PER still showed an increasing trend in this area which resulted in the temperature increasing. The temperature increasing resulted in the rising rate of potential evapotranspiration greater than the increasing rate of precipitation and lead to the PER increasing in this region.The increasing trend of potential evapotranspiration and precipitation was very similar in the Xunhua County. The variance of PER in this place was smaller than which in other places and showed a warm-wetting tendency in this area. The ecological environment, water resources and agriculture and animal husbandry production in the transition zone between the Qinhai-Xizang Plateau and the Loess Plateau had been seriously affected by the warm-drying trend. |
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