姚毓菲,邵明安,贾玉华,李同川.生长年限对苜蓿和柠条光合特征及土壤水分的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(2):18~24
生长年限对苜蓿和柠条光合特征及土壤水分的影响
Effects of growing age on photosynthetic characteristics and soil moisture for Medicago sativa and Caragana korshinkii
  
DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.02.03
中文关键词:  生长年限  光合特征  土壤水分  衰败期苜蓿  中老龄柠条  黄土高原
英文关键词:growing age  photosynthetic characteristic  soil moisture  Medicago sativa in degraded period  Caragana korshinkii in middle- and old\|aged period  the Loess Plateau
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(41390463,41530854和41571221)
作者单位
姚毓菲 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室陕西 杨凌 712100
中国科学院大学北京 100049 
邵明安 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室陕西 杨凌 712100中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室北京 100101 
贾玉华 沈阳农业大学水利学院辽宁 沈阳 110866 
李同川 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室北京 100101 
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中文摘要:
      为了探究生长年限对衰败期苜蓿和中老龄柠条的叶片光合生理特征及土壤水分的影响,在2014年于地处黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错带强烈侵蚀中心的神木六道沟小流域,测定了不同生长年限苜蓿(ALF10、ALF13、ALF33和ALF49)和柠条(KOP10、KOP25、KOP43和KOP73)的叶片光合参数、叶结构性状参数以及0~400 cm土层土壤体积含水量(SWC0-400)。结果表明:对于衰败期苜蓿,ALF10和ALF13叶片净光合速率(Pn)差异不显著(P>0.05),而后随生长年限的延长逐渐降低,ALF33和ALF49比ALF13叶片的Pn(24.01 μmol·m-2·s-1)分别降低了2.32 μmol·m-2·s-1和7.76 μmol·m-2·s-1。相比ALF10,随生长年限延长SWC0-400恢复至10.88%(ALF13),而后随着生长年限延长降低至8.81%(ALF33)和6.12%(ALF49)。土壤水分对ALF33的限制作用不明显,水分胁迫使ALF49非气孔限制值比ALF33增大了0.340。对于中老龄期柠条,叶片Pn随生长年限的延长先升高后降低,KOP25和KOP43叶片Pn最大且两者差异不显著(P>0.05),比KOP10(6.62 μmol·m-2·s-1)分别增大了6.57 μmol·m-2·s-1和7.66 μmol·m-2·s-1,KOP73比KOP43叶片Pn降低了4.95 μmol·m-2·s-1。对于同为黄绵土生长的KOP10、KOP43和KOP73SWC0-400随生长年限延长逐渐上升,分别为8.50%、9.06%和10.71%。土壤水分恢复使KOP43叶片气孔及非气孔限制值比KOP10柠条降低了0.185和2.180。此外,柠条叶片相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)与Pn呈极显著正相关(P<0.001),相关系数为0.514。研究结果表明衰败期苜蓿和中老龄期柠条叶片光合性能呈波动式变化,这与土壤水分的相互作用有关。
英文摘要:
      In order to explore the effect of growing age of Medicago sativa and Caragana korshinkii on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and soil moisture, we studied the dynamics of leaf photosynthetic parameters, leaf traits and soil volume\|tric water content at the 0~400 cm soil depth (SWC0-400) of Medicago sativa in degraded period (ALF10, ALF13, ALF33, and ALF49) and Caragana korshinkii in middle- and old\|aged period (KOP10, KOP25, KOP43, and KOP73). This study was conducted in 2014 at the Liudaogou catchment located in the severe erosion center of wind\|water erosion crisscross region on the Loess Plateau of China. The results showed that leaf photosyntheticrate (Pn) was not significantly different between ALF10 and ALF13 (P>0.05), and gradually decreased with growing age (ALF33 and ALF49). Compared with ALF13, Pn of ALF33 and ALF49 decreased 2.32 μmol·m-2·s-1 and 7.76 μmol·m-2·s-1, respectively. Compared with ALF10, SWC0-400 increased to 10.88% (ALF13) and then decreased to 8.81% (ALF33) and 6.12% (ALF49). The limitation of soil moisture on ALF33 was not significant, but water stress increased 0.340 of the non\|stomatal limitation of photosynthesis for ALF49. As to C. korshinskii, Pn increased first and then decreased with increasing growing age. Pn of KOP25 and KOP43 was not significantly different (P>0.05), and they were 6.57 and 7.66 μmol·m-2·s-1, respectively, greater than KOP10. Compared with KOP43, Pn of KOP73 decreased 4.95 μmol·m-2·s-1. SWC0-400 increased with growing age for KOP10 (8.50%), KOP43 (9.06%), and KOP73 (10.71%), which all grew in Loessial soil. The recovery of soil moisture decreased 0.185 the stomatal and 2.180 non\|stomatal limitations for KOP43. Moreover, there was significant correlation between relative chlorophyll content and Pn for C. korshinskii (P<0.001, r=0.514). Collectively, results from our study indicated that leaf photosynthetic parameters fluctuated with increasing age for M. sativa in degraded period and C. korshinskii in middle- and old\|aged period, which was related to changes in soil moisture.
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