| 常文颖,何倩,李俊华.滴灌条件下穴施生物有机肥对土壤酶活性时空动态分布的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(2):102~107 |
| 滴灌条件下穴施生物有机肥对土壤酶活性时空动态分布的影响 |
| Effect of localized application of bio-organic fertilizer on the temporal and spatial distribution of soil enzyme activities under drip irrigation |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.02.15 |
| 中文关键词: 生物有机肥 土壤酶活性 滴灌 施肥方式 滴水位置 |
| 英文关键词:bio-organic fertilizer soil enzyme activities drip irrigation fertilization method drip location |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31360501,31660598） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1211 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在滴灌条件下，将穴施和均施两种生物有机肥施肥方式，水肥一致和不一致两种滴水位置两两组合，共4个处理：穴施水肥一致（B0）、穴施水肥不一致（B30）、均匀施肥（BU）和对照（CK）。分别在施肥后的3、7、15、30、60 d，选取距肥料0、5、15、30 cm的水平位置和0~20、20~40、40~60 cm的垂直位置土钻取样，测定土样的脲酶、蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性。结果表明：各土层脲酶活性分别在处理后15 d达到最大值17.52、12.59 mg·kg-1·h-1和5.74 mg·kg-1·h-1，蔗糖酶活性峰值出现在处理后3 d和15 d，而各土层碱性磷酸酶活性变化规律不一致。随着土层深度加深，生物有机肥对3种土壤酶活性的影响逐渐减小，水平方向上，B0和BU处理脲酶、蔗糖酶及碱性磷酸酶活性由肥际（H0）位置向四周分别降低了42.12％、29.73％、25.76％，B30处理3种酶活性前期以滴头（H30）为中心向四周降低幅度分别为5.87％、11.30％、3.51％，随着处理时间延长，土壤酶活性变化趋势与B0、BU一致。穴施生物有机肥显著提高了0~40 cm土层土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性49.40％、39.51％，同时更有利于施肥后期碱性磷酸酶活性的提高，40~60 cm土层不同水平位置酶活性差异不显著。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The experiment combined two different fertilization methods with two different dripper positions under drip irrigation. The 4 treatments were: B0, B30, BU, and CK. Soil samples were selected from the horizontal positions 0, 5, 15 cm and 30 cm from fertilization points at vertical depth of 0~20, 20~40 cm, and 40~60 cm on the 3, 7, 15, 30 d and 60 d after fertilization. The activity of urease, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase of the samples were measured. The results showed that the urease activity in each layer reached the maximum of 17.52，12.59，5.74 mg·kg-1·h-1, respectively at the 15 d after treatment, and maximum sucrase activity appeared at the 3 d and 15 d after treatment, while the changes of alkaline phosphatase activity in each soil layer were inconsistent. The effect of bio-organic fertilizer on activities of the three soil enzymes decreased gradually with the increase in soil depth. The three soil enzyme activities decreased gradually with the increasing in soil depth. In horizontal direction, three enzyme activities of B0 and BU treatments decreased 42.12％，29.73％ and 25.76％ from H0 to H30, the enzyme activities of B30 decreased by 5.87％，11.30％ and 3.51％ from the dripper (H30) to periphery (H0), respectively, as time elapsed, the trend of soil enzyme activities changed with B0 and BU. Concentration of bio-organic fertilizer significantly increased urease by 49.40％ and sucrase activities by 39.51％ in 0~40 cm of soil layer, and was more conducive to the improvement of alkaline phosphatase activity in the later stage of fertilization. The difference of the three enzyme activities at different horizontal positions in the 40~60 cm of soil layer was not significant. |
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