| 程万莉,雷康宁,王淑英,李利利,樊廷录,李尚中,赵刚,张建军,唐小明,党翼,王磊.长期施肥对春玉米田土壤呼吸及碳平衡的影响研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(2):108~113 |
| 长期施肥对春玉米田土壤呼吸及碳平衡的影响研究 |
| Effects of long-term fertilization on soil respiration and carbon balance in spring corn fields |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.02.16 |
| 中文关键词: 春玉米 施肥方式 CO2排放 碳平衡 长期定位试验 |
| 英文关键词:spring corn fertilization mode CO2 emission carbon balance long-term positioning test |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(41561067)；国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300110)；国家玉米产业体系(CARS-02-66)；甘肃省农业科学院中青年基金(2017GAAS71) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨不同施肥方式下农田碳平衡规律，研究农田排放到大气CO2的“源”、“汇”特征，依托39 a肥料定位试验测定了秸秆和氮磷肥配施（SNP）、农家肥和氮磷肥配施（MNP）、单施农家肥（M）、氮磷肥配施（NP)、单施氮肥（N）和不施肥（CK）等6种不同施肥方式下西北黄土旱塬春玉米拔节期到成熟期的土壤呼吸。结果表明：长期不同施肥方式能够影响春玉米农田土壤CO2排放，不同生育时期排放特征不同，呈先升高后下降趋势，即开花期达到排放高峰,SNP、MNP和M的CO2排放通量分别达到3 650.54、2 980.50 mg·m-2·h-1和2 167.61 mg·m-2·h-1，与CK相比，分别增加了340.32%、259.51%和161.45%。不同施肥处理间表现为SNP>MNP>M>NP>N>CK。整个测定时期内土壤CO2平均排放速率表现为SNP>MNP>M>NP>N>CK，土壤呼吸中根系呼吸的贡献率波动在31%~77%之间。6种不同施肥处理农田土壤均表现为大气CO2排放的“汇”，不同施肥处理农田碳汇强弱不同，表现为SNP>M>MNP>NP>N>CK。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A field experiment was carried out to explore fertilization effects on soil CO2 emission, relative contribution of root and soil respiration and carbon balance, and carbon respiration intensity during the period of spring corn jointing to maturity. The effects of different fertilizer applications: straw and chemical fertilizer (SNP), manure and chemical fertilizer (MNP), single manure (M), nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer (NP), single nitrogen fertilizer(N), and no fertilizer (CK) on soil respiration were analyzed based on long-term fertilization experiment of 39 years. The results showed that soil CO2 emission was significantly affected by different fertilization techniques. It showed a considerable fluctuation with the growth stages, which was in hoisting until reached the peak in anthesis and dropping during the following period. The CO2 emission of SNP, MNP and N was 3 650.54, 2 980.50 mg·m-2·h-1 and 2 167.61 mg·m-2·h-1，respectively. Compared with CK, the increases were 340.32%, 259.51% and 161.45% for SNP, MNP and N, respectively. The order of average soil CO2 emission rates were SNP>MNP>M>NP>N>CK. The contribution ratio of rhizosphere respiration to total soil CO2 emission was fluctuated from 31% to 77%. Therefore, soils were sinks of atmosphere CO2 under all fertilization, but impact intensity on the carbon sink varied and in an order of SNP>M>MNP>NP>N>CK. |
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