| 杨秀霞,燕辉,周春火,郭世伟.水分胁迫下氮形态对水稻根系孔隙度及水分吸收的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(2):144~149 |
| 水分胁迫下氮形态对水稻根系孔隙度及水分吸收的影响 |
| Effects of nitrogen forms on root porosity and water absorption of rice under drought stress |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.02.21 |
| 中文关键词: 水分胁迫；氮素形态；水稻根系；孔隙度 水分吸收 |
| 英文关键词:water stress nitrogen forms rice root root porosity water absorption |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31460540，30871587）；国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0200808） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用室内营养液培养及PEG6000模拟水分胁迫的方法，研究不同氮素形态（NH+4-N、NO-3-N）和水分条件（正常水分条件、模拟水分胁迫条件）对籼稻（汕优63、扬稻6号）和粳稻（86优8、武运粳7号）根系孔隙度的影响及根系孔隙度与水分吸收的关系。结果表明：在正常水分条件下，籼稻品种根系伤流在铵态氮和硝态氮处理间均没有显著差异，粳稻品种供硝态氮处理后根系伤流液流速较供铵态氮处理高56%；在水分胁迫条件下，供硝态氮品种汕优63、扬稻6号、86优8、武运粳7号伤流量流速仅为供铵态氮品种的46%、29%、38%和77%，比在正常水分条件下分别显著降低了64%、76%、60%、70%。水分胁迫条件下，供铵态氮和供硝态氮品种根系水分吸收能力分别比其在正常水分条件下下降22%~30%和35%~44%。水分胁迫条件下，供硝态氮品种汕优63、扬稻6号、86优8、武运粳7号根系孔隙度分别比其在正常水分条件下增加267%、151%、133%和255%，而对铵态氮处理影响不显著。供硝态氮条件下水稻根系通气组织的发育程度与根系伤流液流速呈显著线性负相关关系，供铵态氮条件下二者之间没有相关性。因此，硝态氮营养条件下水稻根系孔隙度的增加可能是造成根系水分吸收下降的关键因素。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Hydroponic experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in this study to explore the nitrogen (N) fertilizer forms, nitrate (NO-3-N) and ammonium (NH+4-N), on the root porosity and water usage of rice plants. Water stress was simulated by treatment with polyethylene glycol (PEG, 10% in w/v, MW6000). Four rice varieties, indica (Shanyou 63 and Yangdao 6) and japonica (86you 8 and Wuyunjing 7), were utilized in the experiment. The results showed that, under non-water stress conditions, there was no significant difference in root xylem sap flow rate on indica rice varieties fertilized with NH+4-N and NO-3-N, while the rate on japonica rice varieties with NO-3-N fertilization was 56% higher than that with NH+4-N. Compared with non-water stress conditions, however, the root xylem sap flow rate under water stress conditions dramatically reduced by 64%, 76%, 60%, and 70% on Shanyou 63, Yangdao 6, 86you 8 and Wuyunjing 7 with NO-3-N, while only 46%,29%，38% and 77% on the four varieties with NH+4-N, respectively. Under water stress, the water absorption capacity of the root significantly decreased by 22%~30% and 35%~44% for the varieties of Shanyou 63, Yangdao 6, 86you 8 and Wuyunjing 7 with NH+4-N and NO-3-N, respectively. Under water stress, root porosity increased by 267%, 151%, 133% and 255% respectively for the varieties of Shanyou 63, Yanddao 6, 86you 8 and Wuyunjing 7 with NO-3-N fertilization than that under non-water stress conditions. There was negligible effects on the plants with NH+4-N under the water stress conditions. Correlation analysis indicated that the root xylem sap flow rate was negatively correlated with root porosity (aerenchyma formation) in the plants with NO-3-N, and there was no correlation between these two indexes with NH+4-N fertilization. Consequently, the increased root porosity might be a key factor for the decreased water absorption in the plants with NO-3-N under water stress conditions. |
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