刘建新,欧晓彬,王金成.外源H2O2对干旱胁迫下裸燕麦幼苗叶片生理特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(4):146~153
外源H2O2对干旱胁迫下裸燕麦幼苗叶片生理特性的影响
Effects of exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the physiological characteristics in leaves of Avena nuda L. seedlings under drought stress
  
DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.04.20
中文关键词:  过氧化氢  裸燕麦  干旱胁迫  生理特性
英文关键词:hydrogen peroxide  naked oats (Avena nuda L.)  drought stress  physiological characteristics
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31560125);甘肃省庆阳市科技计划项目(KZ2014-19)
作者单位
刘建新 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室/陇东学院生命科学与技术学院甘肃 庆阳 745000 
欧晓彬 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室/陇东学院生命科学与技术学院甘肃 庆阳 745000 
王金成 甘肃省高校陇东生物资源保护与利用省级重点实验室/陇东学院生命科学与技术学院甘肃 庆阳 745000 
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中文摘要:
      为探讨信号分子过氧化氢(H2O2)对干旱胁迫下裸燕麦生理响应的调控机制,以砂培白燕7号幼苗为材料,研究了喷施0.01 mmol·L-1 H2O2对17.8%聚乙二醇6000模拟的干旱胁迫下叶片光合特性、活性氧代谢、渗透调节物质积累和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:喷施H2O2后,干旱胁迫下的裸燕麦幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量和叶绿素a/b较对照(喷H2O后干旱胁迫)分别提高了20.0%、12.9%、18.5%、8.1%和24.3%,叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和水分利用效率分别提高了20.6%、25.9%、12.0%和33.8%,蒸腾速率降低了9.7%;喷施H2O2还使干旱胁迫下裸燕麦幼苗叶片的过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性和抗坏血酸含量分别提高了113.5%、102.9%和13.8%,而超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性及O—[KG-1][JX*3]·[JX-*3]2、H2O2、丙二醛含量和细胞膜相对透性分别下降了21.5%、60.4%、29.3%、38.4%、19.7%和14.2%,可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸和脯氨酸含量分别上升了10.5%、40.3%、13.8%和17.2%,幼苗株高、根长、植株鲜重、植株干重和相对含水量分别提高了14.8%、25.0%、20.1%、11.0%和5.93 %,但谷胱甘肽含量没有显著变化。表明外源H2O2能够通过降低膜脂过氧化程度和促进渗透溶质积累,改善叶片光合功能和植株水分状况,从而减轻干旱对裸燕麦幼苗生长的抑制,增强裸燕麦的抗旱性。
英文摘要:
      To explore the regulative mechanism of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a signaling molecule for the physiological response of Avena nuda L. (naked oats) seedlings under drought stress. In this study, a sand culture experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of spraying 0.01 mmol·L-1 H2O2 on leaves photosynthesis, active oxygen metabolism, osmotic regulation substances accumulation, and growth of ‘Baiyan 7’ Avena nuda L. seedlings under drought stress simulated by 17.8% polyethylene glycol 6000. The results showed that chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid contents, and chlorophyll a/b in leaves of naked oats seedlings under drought stress after spraying with H2O2 increased by 20.0%, 12.9%, 18.5%, 8.1%, and 24.3%, respectively, over the control (drought stress spraying distilled water). In addition,the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, and water use efficiency in leaves increased by 20.6%, 25.9%, 12.0%, and 33.8%, respectively, whereas the transpiration rate decreased by 9.7%. Moreover, the catalase, ascorbate peroxidase activities, and ascorbic acid content in the leaves under drought stress after spraying with H2O2 increased by 113.5%, 102.9%, and 13.8%, respectively, and the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, the contents of O—[KG-1][JX*3]·[JX-*3]2, H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA), and relative plasma membrane permeability in leaves decreased by 21.5%, 60.4%, 29.3%, 38.4%, 19.7%, and 14.2%, respectively. The contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar, free amino acid, and proline in leaves increased by 10.5%, 40.3%, 13.8%, and 17.2%, respectively, and plant height, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, and relative water content of naked oats seedlings increased by 14.8%, 25.0%, 20.1%, 11.0%, and 5.93%, respectively, but there were no significant changes in glutathione content. These results indicated that exogenous H2O2 reduced the inhibition of drought stress on growth of naked oats seedlings, enhanced the drought resistance by reducing the membrane lipid peroxidation, promoted osmotica accumulation, and improved the photosynthesis and plant water condition.
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