| 刘文瑜,杨发荣,黄杰,魏玉明,李健荣.干旱胁迫对藜麦幼苗生长和叶绿素荧光特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(4):171~177 |
| 干旱胁迫对藜麦幼苗生长和叶绿素荧光特性的影响 |
| Effects of drought stresson chlorophyll fluorescence properties and seedling growth of quinoa seedlings |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.04.23 |
| 中文关键词: 藜麦 幼苗生长 干旱胁迫 叶绿素荧光 叶绿素含量 |
| 英文关键词:quinoa seedling growth drought stress chlorophyll fluorescence chlorophyll content |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31660357）；甘肃省科技厅重点研发项目（18YF1WA093）;兰州市科技支撑计划（2017-2-5）;甘肃省农业科学院农业科技创新专项计划（2017GASS66）;甘肃省青年科技人才托举工程项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以甘肃省农业科学院自育品种陇藜1号（L-1）、2号（L-2）、3号（L-3）和4号（L-4）及外引品种白藜（BL）幼苗为试验材料，采用盆栽人工控水法，共设置轻度干旱胁迫（LD，土壤含水量为田间持水量的50%~60%）、中度干旱胁迫（MD，土壤含水量为田间持水量的30%~40%）和重度干旱胁迫（SD，土壤含水量为田间持水量的10%~20%）3个水分梯度，以正常浇水为对照（CK，土壤含水量为田间持水量的70%~80%），干旱胁迫15 d后，通过测定幼苗株高、根长、生物量及叶片叶绿素含量、初始荧光（Fo）、最大荧光（Fm）、PSⅡ最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm）、PSⅡ潜在活性（Fv/Fo）及非光化学猝灭系数（NPQ），研究干旱胁迫对藜麦幼苗生长和叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果表明：（1）随干旱胁迫程度的加剧，参试藜麦品种幼苗株高、地上部分鲜重和地上部分干重呈逐渐降低的变化趋势，SD处理下，各供试品种株高分别降低了30.64%、28.36%、32.67%、37.88%和38.09%，地上部分鲜重分别下降了63.60%、6073%、59.74%、55.92%和61.74%，地上部分干重分别下降了62.96%、52.63%、29.41%、35.71%和60.00%；（2）5个藜麦品种幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素及叶绿素a/b随着干旱胁迫程度的加剧而呈现先升高后降低的趋势,SD处理下，品种L-2、L-3和L-4叶绿素a分别比CK降低了28.48%、33.66%和17.99%,叶绿素b分别比CK降低了47.80%、45.08%和13.90%，总叶绿素含量分别比CK降低了33.22%、36.20%和15.99%;（3）随干旱胁迫程度的加剧，各供试藜麦品种Fo、Fm、Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo均呈下降趋势，SD处理下，各供试品种Fo分别较CK下降了30.61%、14.56%、31.28%、24.39%、24.16%，Fm下降了19.11%、16.56%、16.76%、17.67%、22.19%，Fv/Fm分别下降了5.73%、4.29%、7.81%、4.58%和3.85%，Fv/Fo分别下降了19.40%、14.93%、24.02%、11.34%和12.11%;（4）5个供试品种叶片NPQ随干旱胁迫程度的加剧呈升高趋势，SD处理下，各供试品种NPQ较CK升高了74.79%、161.54%、104.55%、200.00%和196.00%。综上所述说明中度和重度干旱胁迫下，植物细胞失水，叶绿体遭到破坏，光合作用降低，叶绿素合成受到抑制，光合产物减少，从而抑制幼苗生长，地上部分生物量下降。在幼苗生长和叶绿素荧光特性等方面，藜麦品种L-2表现优于其他品种，表明其在干旱胁迫下较其他供试品种具有更强的适应能力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Using quinoa varieties Longli No.1, No.2, No.3, No.4 and Baili seedlings as experimental materials, we conducteda pot experiment with a set of different degreesof drought stress.After 15 days, plant height, root length, biomass, leaf chlorophyll contents, Fo, Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, and other indexes were determined to study the effects of drought stress on chlorophyll fluorescence properties and seedling growth. The results showed that: (1) with aggravation of drought stress, plant height, aboveground fresh weight, and dryweight decreased compared with CK. The plant height of five quinoa varieties decreased by 30.64%、28.36%、32.67%、37.88%, and 38.09%, respectively, under SD treatment.The aboveground fresh weight decreased by 63.60%,6073%, 59.74%,55.92%, and 61.74%, respectively, and the aboveground dry weight decreased by 62.96%,52.63%, 29.41%, 35.71%and 60.00%, respectively. Root length, underground fresh weight,and drought weight increased and then decreased. (2) The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll, and chlorophyll a/b of five different quinoa varieties seedlings increased and then decreased, unde SD treatment, the contents of chl a in quinoa variety of ‘L-2’,‘L-3’ and ‘L-4’ were decreased 28.48%,33.66% and 17.99%, the contents of chl b were decreased 47.80%,45.08% and 13.90%, the chl contents were decreased 33.22%,36.20% and 15.99. (3) With aggravation of drought stress, Fo ， Fm Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo of quinoa seedlings leaves decreased compared with CK, Fo decreased by 30.61%，14.56%，31.28%，24.39%，24.16% and Fm decreased 19.11%，16.56%，16.76%，17.67%，22.19% under SD treatment，respectively. Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo of different quinoa varieties were also decreased with the aggravation of drought stress, compared with CK, Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo decreased by 5.73%，4.29%，7.81%，4.58%，3.85% and 19.40%，14.93%，24.02%，11.34%，12.11%under SD treatments, respectively. (4) NPQ of different quinoa varieties increased compared with CK.It increased by 74.79%，161.54%，104.55%，200.00%, and 196.00%under SD treatments,respectively. In conclusion, because chloroplast was damaged, chlorophyll biosynthesis was inhibited and photosynthetic yield reduced, seedling growth was inhibited and aboveground biomass decreased. In aspects of seedling growth and chlorophyll fluorescence properties in seedling leaves of different quinoa varieties, the performance [JP3]of quinoa variety L-2 was better than other varieties, so indicated that Longli No.2 had a stronger ability to adapt the drought stress. |
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