| 郑媛媛,陈宗培,王贵彦.海河平原小麦-玉米不同种植制度节水特性分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(5):9~15 |
| 海河平原小麦-玉米不同种植制度节水特性分析 |
| Analysis on the water-saving characteristics of winter wheat and summer maize cropping system on Haihe Plain |
| |
| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.05.02 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦-玉米种植制度；产量；水分利用效率 海河平原 |
| 英文关键词:wheat-maize cropping system yield water use efficiency Haihe Plain |
| 基金项目:“十三五”国家粮食丰产增效科技创新专项（2018YFD0300504） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1197 |
| 全文下载次数: 824 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 试验于2014—2016年在河北省景县进行。试验处理为冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟（CK）、春玉米→冬小麦-夏玉米两年三熟(A1)、春玉米-夏玉米一年两熟(A2)、春玉米一年一熟(A3)、夏玉米一年一熟(A4) 5种种植制度，系统分析了各处理作物产量、周年土壤水分动态和水分利用效率。结果表明：5种种植制度中，CK产量最高，2个种植周期的总产量为38 574.24 kg·hm-2，A1、A2、A3、A4总产量分别比CK减少23.7%、23.8%、51.2%和39.6%；CK的总耗水量最高，为1 851.45 mm，A1、A2、A3、A4 相对CK耗水量分别减少了504.3、452.3、753.5 mm和712.8 mm；各处理间水分利用效率没有显著差异，A1较高为21.84 kg·mm-1·hm-2。A1和A2相对CK总产量有所降低，但周年总耗水量分别比CK减少504.25 mm和452.30 mm，水分利用效率分别提高了4.8%和0.8%。这2种种植制度可作为当前小麦-玉米两熟的重要补充，加强周年土壤水分管理是本区域粮食生产和水分可持续利用的重要措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Water shortage is one of the most important challenges for grain production in Haihe Plain. To design more suitable cropping system and overcome the challenge of water scarcity in the region, the grain yield and water use efficiency（WUE）of different cropping systems mainly involving wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) were investigated, providing a scientific basis for food security and proper agriculture production. The field experiments were conducted from 2014 to 2016 in Jingxian County, Hebei Province. The treatments were set as five cropping systems including winter wheat-summer maize double cropping system (CK), spring maize-winter wheat-summer maize three harvests in two years (A1), spring maize-summer maize double cropping system (A2), spring maize single cropping system (A3), and summer maize single cropping system (A4). The results showed that the total grain yield of CK was the highest at 38 574.24 kg·hm-2 during the two growing seasons (2014—2016); the grain yields of A1, A2, A3 and A4 were 23.7%, 23.8%, 51.2% and 39.6% lower than that of CK, respectively. The CK had the highest total water consumption (1851.45 mm), and the total water consumtion of A1, A2, A3 and A4 were significantly decreased 504.3,452.3,753.5 mm and 712.8 mm, respectively， compared with CK. A1 reached the highest WUE (21.84 kg·mm-1·hm-2) but there was no significant difference between treatments. The results also showed that, compared to the CK, A1 and A2 decreased total yield and used less total water consumption, 504.25 mm and 452.30 mm less than CK, respectively, but increased WUE, 4.8% and 0.8% over CK, respectively. Our results demonstrated that these two cropping systems, A1 and A2, could be important complements to current wheat-maize cropping systems and essential for promoting food production and sustainable water development in this region. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| | |