| 孙建,徐晓芸,马增科,何建军,汪军成,姚立蓉,李葆春,马小乐,司二静,杨轲,王化俊,孟亚雄.大麦发芽期耐盐性种质鉴定及其生理响应特征分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(6):16~23 |
| 大麦发芽期耐盐性种质鉴定及其生理响应特征分析 |
| Identification of salt\|tolerant germplasm and analysis of its physiological response during barley germination |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.06.03 |
| 中文关键词: 大麦；发芽期；耐盐性；生理响应 鉴定评价 |
| 英文关键词:barley germination stage salt tolerance physiological response identification evaluation |
| 基金项目:甘肃省现代农业产业技术体系特色作物岗位（GARS-TSZ-2）；国家大麦青稞产业技术体系（CARS-05-03B-03）;甘肃省重大专项（17ZD2NA016）;国家自然基金（31460347）;甘肃农业大学学科建设专项基金（GAU-XKJS-2018-082、083） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解大麦发芽期耐盐性差异和生理响应特征，对126份大麦材料进行200 mmol·L-1NaCl胁迫下的种子发芽及生长实验，并对极端耐盐性材料和盐敏感性材料进行盐胁迫处理水培实验。结果表明：盐胁迫下大麦发芽期各指标测量值较对照相比均下降，且处理与对照相比变异系数增大，发芽势、发芽率、株高、根长和根数的变异系数值分别为73.81%、58.00%、47.22%、39.39%和31.79%，说明不同材料盐胁迫处理具有较大差异；并且除株高和发芽率、根长之间无相关性之外，其它各指标之间均存在显著或极显著正相关。采用聚类分析将材料分为4个耐盐等级，其中ZDM655等33个品种为高度耐盐性，MAVRIIP等28个品种为中度耐盐性，GN241等16个品种为中度盐敏感性，莆田17号等49个品种为盐敏感性。在盐胁迫水培条件下，大麦主要通过调节根表面积和根体积表型特征来适应盐胁迫，高度耐盐性材料ZDM655地上部和根系中Na+含量分别为对照的3.63倍和2.55倍，而盐敏感性材料ZDM222地上部和根系中Na+含量分别为对照的8.95倍和2.92倍；同时，ZDM655较对照相比地上部K+含量显著提高，地下部K+含量显著下降，而ZDM222地上部K+含量显著下降，地下部较对照无显著差异，表明高度耐盐性材料具有更好适应盐胁迫的表型特征和生理响应功能。种子发芽期耐盐性强弱是在盐渍地生长的关键，发芽势、发芽率、株高、根长、根数可以作为大麦发芽期耐盐性评价的合理指标。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to understand the salt tolerance and physiological response characteristics of barley germination, 126 barley subjects were treated with 200 mmol·L-1 of NaCl to evaluate its effect on seed germination and seedlings growth in hydroponic experiments on extreme salt tolerant materials and salt sensitive materials. The results showed that the measured values of barley germination during salt stress decreased and the coefficient of variation increased compared with the control. The coefficient of variation of germination potential, germination rate, plant height, root length and root number were 73.81%, 58.00%, 47.22%, 39.39% and 31.79%, respectively, indicating that the salt stress treatment of different materials was quite different; and there was no correlation between plant height and germination rate or root length. However, among other indicators, there was significant or extremely significant positive correlation. Clustering analysis was used to classify the materials into four salt tolerance categories, among which 33 varieties including ZDM655 were highly salt tolerant, 28 varieties including MAVRIIP were moderately salt tolerant; 16 varieties including GN241 were moderately salt sensitive, and 49 varieties including Putian 17 were salt sensitive. Under salt stress hydroponic conditions, barley mainly adapted to salt stress by adjusting root surface area and root volume phenotypic characteristics. Highly salt\|tolerant materials, ZDM655, had Na+ content in the shoots and roots of 3.63 and 2.55 times of the control, respectively, while the Na+ content in the shoots and roots of the salt\|sensitive material ZDM222 was 8.95 and 2.92 times of the control, respectively. Meanwhile, K+ content in aboveground parts of ZDM655 was higher than that of the control and K+ content in underground parts decreased, while K+ content in ZDM222 shoot significantly decreased while that in underground portion was not significantly different compared with the control, indicating that highly salt tolerant material had phenotypic characteristics and physiological response function of better adaptation to salt stress. The salt tolerance during seed germination is the key to growth in saline soil. Germination potential, germination rate, plant height, root length, and root number can be used as reasonable indicators for salt tolerance evaluation of barley germination, and excellent for salted land excavation. |
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