| 邢钟毓,李连国,郭金丽,张晓艳,李晓艳.干旱胁迫对蒙原欧李光合特性及叶肉细胞超微结构的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2019,37(6):37~42 |
| 干旱胁迫对蒙原欧李光合特性及叶肉细胞超微结构的影响 |
| Effects of drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics and ultrastructure of mesophyll cells of Mengyuan Cerasus humilis |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2019.06.06 |
| 中文关键词: 蒙原欧李 干旱胁迫 光合作用 叶绿素含量 超微结构 |
| 英文关键词:Mengyuan Cerasus humilis drought stress photosynthesis chlorophyll content ultrastructure |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目（2018MS03052）;内蒙古农业大学高层次人才引进科研启动项目（NDYB2016-16）;内蒙古农业大学品种选育专项“内蒙古高原特色优质欧李新品种选育及应用研究”（YZGC2017019） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用盆栽试验研究干旱胁迫对蒙原欧李光合参数和叶肉细胞超微结构的影响。结果表明：与正常供水（CK）相比，在轻度干旱（LD）胁迫下，蒙原欧李净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）、气孔导度（Gs）和水分利用效率（WUE）显著降低，而胞间CO2浓度（Ci）与CK差异不显著，叶绿素含量达到最大值，叶肉细胞超微结构无明显变化且未出现伤害症状，但细胞壁明显增厚；在中度干旱（MD）胁迫下，蒙原欧李Pn、Tr、Gs和WUE持续降低，Ci逐渐上升，叶绿素含量下降，叶肉细胞超微结构发生变化并出现伤害症状；在重度干旱（SD）胁迫下，蒙原欧李Pn、Tr、Gs和WUE降至最低（分别是CK的9.09%、45.19%、3.16%和20.39%），Ci达到最大（CK的2倍），叶绿素含量降到最低，叶肉细胞超微结构发生明显变化并出现严重伤害症状，叶绿体膜系统瓦解，细胞核内物质流出，线粒体外膜消失，细胞壁变薄。因此推测，干旱胁迫诱导蒙原欧李叶肉细胞超微结构先发生改变，进而影响叶绿素合成和光合特性，但在细胞超微结构变化过程中也出现抗性反应，进一步证明蒙原欧李具有较强的抗旱性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The effects of drought stress on photosynthetic parameters and ultrastructure of mesophyll cells in Mengyuan Cerasus humilis were studied with a pot experiment. The results showed that compared with normal water supply (CK), the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), and water use efficiency (WUE) of Mengyuan Cerasus humilis were significantly decreased by water stress while intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) was not significantly different from that of CK， the chlorophyll content reached the maximum and there was no obvious change and no injury symptom in ultrastructure of mesophyll cells, but the cell wall was obviously thickened under mild drought (LD) stress. The Pn, Tr, Gs, and WUE of Mengyuan Cerasus humilis continuously decreased, and Ci gradually increased, chlorophyll content was lower, and there was obvious changes and minor damages in the ultrastructure of mesophyll cells under moderate drought (MD) stress. The Pn, Tr, Gs, and WUE of Mengyuan Cerasus humilis decreased to the lowest (9.09%, 45.19%, 3.16%, and 20.39% of CK, respectively), the Ci reached the maximum (2 times of CK),chlorophyll content decreased to the lowest, and the ultrastructure of mesophyll cells was obviously changed and seriously damaged under severe drought (SD) stress, including the chloroplast membrane system collapsed， the material in the nucleus exuded, the outer mitochondrial membrane disappeared and the cell wall became thinner. It was speculated that the ultrastructure of mesophyll cells of Mengyuan Cerasus humilis was changed firstly under drought stress, then the chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthetic characteristics were affected. It was proved that Mengyuan Cerasus humilis had strong drought resistance because of its high resistance reaction to the changes of the ultrastructure. |
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