| 张世汉,武均,张仁陟,齐鹏,贺永岩,郭万里.不同氮水平下秸秆、生物质炭添加对旱作农田土壤酸解有机氮组分的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(1):92~100 |
| 不同氮水平下秸秆、生物质炭添加对旱作农田土壤酸解有机氮组分的影响 |
| Effects of nitrogen fertilizer combined with straw and bio\|char on soil organic nitrogen components in dryland farmland |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.01.13 |
| 中文关键词: 秸秆 生物质炭 氮水平 旱作农田 土壤酸解有机氮 陇中黄土高原 |
| 英文关键词:straw biochar nitrogen dryland farmland soil acidolysis organic nitrogen Longzhong Loess Plateau |
| 基金项目:甘肃农业大学青年导师扶持基金（GAU-QNDS-2017-04）;国家自然科学基金项目(31571594, 41661049)；甘肃省自然科学基金项目(1606RJZA076) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明不同氮水平下秸秆、生物质炭添加对陇中黄土高原旱作农田土壤酸解有机氮组分的影响，2014年在定西市安定区李家堡镇布设的不同氮水平下秸秆、生物质炭添加定位试验（共9个处理），利用Bremner分级法，对该试验2018年收获后的土壤有机氮组分进行测定与分析。结果表明：在0~30 cm土层（0~5、5~10、10~30 cm土层），各处理酸解总有机氮、酸解氨态氮、酸解氨基酸态氮、酸解未知态氮含量均随土层的加深而降低，酸解氨基糖态氮含量随土层的加深而增加；较之无炭处理（CN0、CN50、CN100处理的均值），生物质炭添加（BN0、BN50、BN100处理的均值）处理可提升酸解总有机氮含量10.12%、9.14%、7.61%（土层由上至下），提升酸解氨态氮含量15.02%、16.25%、17.19%（土层由上至下），提升酸解氨基酸态氮含量13.31%、11.84%、8.74%（土层由上至下），其中BN100处理下对其提升效应最显著；较之无炭处理（CN0、CN50、CN100处理的均值），秸秆添加处理（SN0、SN50、SN100处理的均值）可提升酸解氨基糖态氮含量26.46%、26.51%、25.78%（土层由上至下），其中SN100处理下对其提升效应最显著；不同处理下，有机氮各形态的分布趋势为酸解氨基酸态氮>酸解氨态氮>酸解未知态氮>酸解氨基糖态氮。总之，BN100处理对酸解氨基酸态氮、酸解氨态氮提升效应最显著，进而增加土壤供氮潜力，可筛选为该区春小麦栽培的合理施肥方式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the effect of straw and biochar addition on the acidolysis organic nitrogen (N) components of dry farmland soil on Longzhong Loess Plateau under different N levels, an experiment of straw and biochar addition under different N levels (9 treatments in total) was conducted in Lijiabao, Anding District, Dingxi City in 2014. Bremner classification method was used to determine the soil organic N components after harvest in 2018. The results showed that in 0~30 cm soil layer (0~5, 5~10, and 10~30 cm), the contents of total organic N, ammoniac N, amino acid N and unknown N decreased with increase in soil depth, and the contents of amino sugar N increased with the soil depth; compared with the carbon free treatment (CN0, CN 50, and CN100), biochar was added (BN0, BN50, and BN100) treatments significantly increased the content of total organic N by 10.12%, 9.14% and 7.61% (from top to bottom), 15.02%, 16.25% and 17.19% (from top to bottom) and 13.31%, 11.84% and 8.74% (from top to bottom), respectively. Compared with the carbon free treatment (CN0, CN50, and CN100), straw addition treatment (SN0,SN50, and SN100) significantly increased the content of acid hydrolyzed amino sugar N by 26.46%, 26.51%, 25.78% (from the top to the bottom of the soil layer), respectively, of which SN100 treatment had the most significant effect; under different treatments, the distribution trend of various forms of organic N was acid hydrolyzed amino acid N > acid hydrolyzed ammonia N > acidolysis unknown N > acidolysis amino sugar N. In a word, BN100 treatment had the most significant effect on the increase of acid hydrolyzed amino acid N and acid hydrolyzed ammonia N, and then increased the potential of soil N supply. It can be selected as a reasonable fertilization method for spring wheat cultivation in this area. |
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