任涛,贾志峰,王智,卢玉东,刘秀花,钟哲.毛乌素沙漠地膜\|地布覆盖下土壤温度变化特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(1):190~199
毛乌素沙漠地膜\|地布覆盖下土壤温度变化特征
Characteristics of soil temperature change under plastic membrane\|geotextile cloth mulching in Mu Us Desert land
  
DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.01.25
中文关键词:  地膜+地布覆盖  土壤温度  毛乌素沙漠
英文关键词:plastic membrane + geotextile ground cover  soil temperature change  Mu Us desert
基金项目:高等学校学科创新计划“111”项目(B08039)
作者单位
任涛 长安大学水利与环境学院陕西 西安 710054长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室陕西 西安 710054 
贾志峰 长安大学水利与环境学院陕西 西安 710054长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室陕西 西安 710054长安大学水与发展研究院陕西 西安 710054 
王智 长安大学水利与环境学院陕西 西安 710054长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室陕西 西安 710054长安大学水与发展研究院陕西 西安 710054西北农林科技大学水利工程与建筑工程学院陕西 杨凌 712100
美国加利福尼亚州州立大学弗雷斯诺分校地球与环境科学系
美国 加州弗雷斯诺 93740 
卢玉东 长安大学水利与环境学院陕西 西安 710054长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室陕西 西安 710054长安大学水与发展研究院陕西 西安 710054 
刘秀花 长安大学水利与环境学院陕西 西安 710054长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室陕西 西安 710054长安大学水与发展研究院陕西 西安 710054 
钟哲 长安大学水利与环境学院陕西 西安 710054长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室陕西 西安 710054 
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中文摘要:
      为了研究地膜+地布相结合的覆盖方式对毛乌素沙漠地区土壤温度的影响,在毛乌素沙漠东缘风沙滩区选取试验点,设置地膜+防草地布覆盖(MB)、防草地布覆盖(DB)以及裸地(CK)3个处理方式,开展为期1 a的浅层土壤温度原位监测试验,对比不同覆盖对温度变化规律的影响。结果表明:MB覆盖区地表下5、15、30 cm土层土壤的年均温度比DB覆盖区分别高出0.5℃、0.6℃和0.4℃,比CK分别高出1.0℃、0.8℃和1.0℃;冻融期在同一土层深度处均表现为CK最长、DB次之、MB最短;同一土层深度处3个处理的土壤温度之间存在显著性差异(P<0.05),以MB覆盖条件下土壤保温效果最好,CK最差;MB覆盖区在5、15、30 cm土层土壤深度处≥5℃地积温比DB覆盖区分别高4.0%、4.0%和3.0%,比CK分别高8.0%、7.0%和9.0%;降雨前、中、后,同一土层深度处土壤温度日较差以MB覆盖区最大,DB覆盖区次之,CK最小;近地表大气温度与土壤温度呈正相关,同一土层深度处,覆盖条件下其相关性较大,裸地较小。试验表明地膜+地布覆盖处理保温效果明显,适合植物生长。
英文摘要:
      In order to study the effect of combined mulching mode using plastic membrane and geotextile cloth on soil temperature in the Mu Us Desert, this experiment selected a site in the east edge of Mu Us Desert sand belt, had three treatments including plastic membrane plus weed\|blocking geotextile ground cover (MB), weed\|blocking geotextile cover (DB), and bare ground control (CK) in three groups, and carried out a one\|year in\|situ monitoring of shallow soil temperature, so as to compare the influence of different cover types on soil temperature variation. Results showed that the MB cover resulted in higher average annual temperatures, 0.5℃, 0.6℃, and 0.5℃ higher, at 5, 15, and 30 cm of soil depths, respectively, than that under the DB cover, which was 1.0, 0.8, and 1.0℃ higher than the CK condition. At the same depth, the length of the freezing\|thawing period was longest for CK, intermediate for DB, and shortest for the MB. There was a significant difference in soil temperature between the three treatments at the same depth (P<0.05), and the soil temperature conservation effect was the best under MB; At 5, 15 cm and 30 cm soil depths, the accumulated, no less than 5℃, soil temperature under MB is respectively 4%, 4%, and 3% higher than that of DB, which was respectively 8%, 7%, and 9% higher than that under CK; Before, during, and after a rainfall event, the daily range of soil temperature at the same depth was the largest in MB, followed by DB, and the smallest with CK. The near\|surface air temperature and soil temperature were positively correlated. At the same depth, the correlation was greater under mulching conditions than that of the bare surface condition. This experiment showed that there was an obvious heat conservation effect under the plastic membrane and geotextile ground cover conditions, which were suitable for plant growth and provided reference for developing vegetation restoration technologies in this area.
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