塔里木河下游灌区春季土壤盐分空间变异特征——以新疆第二师三十一团灌区为例

丁邦新; 白云岗; 刘雪艳; 陈星星; 刘洪波; 肖军

丁邦新,白云岗,刘雪艳,陈星星,刘洪波,肖军.塔里木河下游灌区春季土壤盐分空间变异特征——以新疆第二师三十一团灌区为例[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,39(1):209~216

塔里木河下游灌区春季土壤盐分空间变异特征——以新疆第二师三十一团灌区为例

Spatial variation characteristics of soil salinity in the lower reaches of the Tarim River in spring — A Case study on 31th regiment of Xinjiang Second Division

DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.01.27

中文关键词: 土壤盐分；盐基离子空间变异；GIS 塔里木河

英文关键词:soil salinity base ion spatial variation GIS Tarim River

基金项目:国家“十三五”重点研发计划（2017YFC0403305;2016YFC0400208）

作者	单位
丁邦新	新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830052
白云岗	新疆水利水电科学研究院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830049
刘雪艳	新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830052
陈星星	新疆水利水电科学研究院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830049
刘洪波	新疆水利水电科学研究院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830049
肖军	新疆水利水电科学研究院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830049

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中文摘要:

应用地统计学的半方差分析和Kriging空间插值，以新疆第二师三十一团灌区为例，分析了塔里木河下游绿洲灌区不同深度土壤全盐及盐基离子的空间变异特征与分布规律。结果表明：研究区春季土壤总体呈碱性，各土层阴离子均以SO^2-₄为主，阳离子均以K⁺和Na⁺为主，灌区内根域层（0~60 cm）土壤盐分、Ca²⁺、Cl^- 的半方差函数模型符合高斯模型，Mg²⁺、K⁺+Na⁺符合球状模型，深层（60~100 cm）土壤盐分、HCO^-₃、SO^2-₄符合指数模型，各变量空间自相关范围差异较大。盐分分布特征受人类活动和地势、水源的影响较大，根域层（0~60 cm）土壤盐分含量呈现由西北部向东南部逐渐升高的趋势，变化范围在2.28~3.27 g·kg^-1之间，深层（60~100 cm）土壤盐分含量呈现由西北部向东南部逐渐降低的趋势，变化范围在2.31~4.63 g·kg^-1之间。HCO^-₃在整体上与根域层（0~60 cm）土壤盐分含量分布特征相同，其它各离子含量无明显变化规律。灌区内土壤盐分垂直分布的总趋势大致相同，根域层（0~60 cm）土壤含盐量与深层（60~100 cm）土壤含盐量差异不大，变化范围在2.28~4.63 g·kg^-1之间。

英文摘要:

Soil salinization is one of the main factors restricting the development of agriculture in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. The spatial variability and distribution of total salt and base ions in different depths of the oasis irrigation area in the lower reaches of the Tarim River (31th regiment of Xinjiang Second Division) were analyzed by using Semi\|Variogram and Kriging spatial interpolation of geostatistics. The results showed that the soil in the study area was alkaline in spring, and the anions in all soil layer were mainly SO^2-₄, and the cations were mainly K⁺ and Na⁺. The semi\|variance function model of soil salinity, Ca²⁺ and Cl^-, in the root zone (0~60 cm) of the soil profile in the region accords with the Gaussian model, The soil salinity in deep layer (60~100 cm), HCO^{-^{₃, SO^2-₄ conformed to the exponential model. Mg²⁺ and K⁺+Na⁺ conformed to the spherical model. The spatial autocorrelation range of each variable was quite different. Salt distribution characteristics are greatly affected by human activities and topography and water sources. The soil salinity content in the root zoon layer soil gradually increased from northwest to southeast, and the range of variation was 2.28~3.27 g·kg^-1. The salinity of deep soil gradually decreased from northwest to southeast, and the range of variation was 2.31 and 4.63 g·kg^-1. The HCO^-₃ had the same characteristics as that in the root zone layer, no obvious change in the content of other ions. The general trend of vertical distribution of soil salinity was approximately the same. There was no significant difference in soil salinity between root layer and deep layer. Mastering the degree of soil salinization is of great significance for the improvement and utilization of saline soil.}}

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