郑琪,李欣,任根深,李兴茂,张爱民.甘肃冬小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成及其品质现状分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(1):290~294
甘肃冬小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基组成及其品质现状分析
The composition of high\|molecular\|weight glutenin subunits in Gansu winter wheats and analysis of their quality status
  
DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.01.37
中文关键词:  冬小麦  高分子量谷蛋白亚基  品质现状  甘肃省
英文关键词:winter wheat  HMW-GS  quality  Gansu Province
基金项目:国家重点研发项目（2017YFD0101003）；植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室开放课题（PCCE-KF-2018-01）；甘肃省生物育种专项（2019GAAS07）
作者单位
郑琪 平凉市农业科学院，甘肃 平凉 744000 
李欣 植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室，中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所，北京 100101 
任根深 平凉市农业科学院，甘肃 平凉 744000 
李兴茂 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所，甘肃 兰州 730070 
张爱民 植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室，中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所，北京 100101 
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中文摘要:
      对近年来甘肃冬麦区新育成和引进的72份冬小麦新品种（系）的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基（HMW-GS）进行了检测和品质评价。结果表明：HMW-GS的组成中，Glu-A1位点的3种亚基类型（Null、1、2*）均有分布；Glu-B1位点主要存在5种亚基类型/组合，即7+8、7+9、6+8、13+16、20x+20y；Glu-D1位点存在Null、 2+12、5+10三种亚基类型/组合；其中，优质亚基/组合1、2*、13+16、5+10出现的频率分别为70.83%、2.78%、1.39%和33.33%。近年来甘肃冬小麦品质改良育种工作成效显著，1和7+8优质亚基频率明显提高，49个新品种（系）以1/7+8/2+12亚基组合类型为主，占44.90%；1/7+8/5+10优质亚基组合类型在新品种（系）中较少（12.24%）。因此，进一步将14+15，13+16和5+10等优质亚基导入甘肃冬麦区主栽品种，培育优质小麦新品种（系）对甘肃陇东地区小麦品质改良具有重要意义。
英文摘要:
      High\|molecular\|weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS)is closely related to the processing quality of wheat flour. In this study, HMW-GS compositions of 72 varieties (lines) in Gansu were investigated and the quality of them was also evaluated. The results showed that these wheat varieties (lines) had three types of HMW-GS at the Glu-A1 locus, namely, Null, 1, and 2*. There were five types of HMW-GS at the Glu-B1 locus: 7+8, 7+9, 6+8, 13+16,and 20x+20y. At the Glu-D1 locus, three types of HMW-GS existed. They were Null, 2+12 and 5+10. The frequency of HMW-GS 1, 2*, 13+16, and 5+10 was 70.83%, 2.78%, 1.39% and 33.33%, respectively. In recent years, the improvement of Null and 7+9 subunits composition at Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 loci in Gansu winter wheat breeding is remarkable. The frequency of good processing quality subunits of 1 and 7+8 were obviously increased. The combination of 1/7+8/2+12 was the major type in new wheat varieties (lines), which accounted for 44.90%. The percentage of new varieties (lines) with high quality subunit combination of 1/7+8/5+10 was low, accounting for only 12.24%. Therefore, introducing good quality subunits, such as 14+15 and 13+16 at Glu-B1 locus and 5+10 at Glu-D1 locus into Gansu winter varieties was highly desirable. It is also important for bread quality improvement and release of new wheat varieties in wheat production areasin east of Gansu.
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