| 张明聪,周伟,石礼文,王承昊,杜吉到,吴耀坤,张玉先.淹水条件下改良剂对苏打盐化草甸土的洗盐效应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(3):204~212 |
| 淹水条件下改良剂对苏打盐化草甸土的洗盐效应 |
| Effects of a soil ameliorant on the desalting of soda\|salinized meadow soil under flooding condition |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn81000-7601.2020.03.26 |
| 中文关键词: 改良剂 洗盐效应 苏打盐化草甸土 淹水 淋溶 |
| 英文关键词:soil ameliorant desalination soda\|salined meadow soil flooding condition leaching |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省大学生创新创业训练计划项目（201810223039）;黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目（PTJH201901）；大庆市指导性科技计划项目（zd-2019-78）；黑龙江八一农垦大学博士科研启动基金（XYB2014-04）；国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-04-01A） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确改良剂在苏打盐化草甸土不同深度土层的改良效果，采用室内淋溶土柱的试验方法，设置S0、S1、S2、S3、S4和S5（每个土柱横截面积0.0113 m2）分别施用改良剂0.00、0.01、0.05、0.10、0.50 g和1.00 g，折合成公顷用量分别为0.0、8.9、44.3、88.5、442.5 kg·hm-2和885.1 kg·hm-2）6个处理，分析淹水条件下不同改良剂用量对苏打盐化草甸土的洗盐效应。结果表明，与未施改良剂处理（S0）相比，S3、S4和S5处理显著降低不同土层（0~30cm）土壤容重（降幅3.88%~8.87%）、增加土壤孔隙度（增幅3.82%~9.38%）、降低土壤pH值（降幅2.36%~8.05%）；S2、S3、S4和S5处理显著提高20~40 cm土壤水分入渗量，增幅55.9%~294.6%（P<0.05）；施用改良剂处理交换性Na+含量在0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层显著降低，降幅4.84%~56.5%（P<0.05），20~30 cm和30~40 cm土层中增幅1.09%~17.1%；S3、S4和S5处理0~10 cm土层电导率显著降低，降幅49.0%~60.4%（P<0.05），20~40 cm土层显著增加，增幅3.68%~19.8%（P<0.05）；S2、S3、S4、S5处理10~20 cm土层碳酸根含量显著降低，降幅5.98%~23.4%（P<0.05），S3、S4、S5处理0~30 cm土层碳酸氢根含量降幅1.49%~18.0%；S2、S3、S4和S5处理显著提高0~30 cm≥0.25 mm水稳性团聚体，增幅达16.4%~161.7%（P<0.05）；S3、S4和S5处理0~30 cm土层MWD显著增加，增幅达5.78%~161.7%（P<0.05）。针对本次供试土壤盐渍化程度，综合改良效果及改良剂施用量，改良剂适宜用量为每个土柱0.10 g（88.5 kg·hm-2）（S3处理），可达到最优淋洗效果。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Understanding the relationship between the soil ameliorants and soda\|salinized meadow soil was crucial for improving its effect on different depths of soil layers. The study investigated the effects of the soil ameliorants on desalting soda\|salinized meadow soil under flooding condition, we conducted a simulated leaching soil column experiment in laboratory, six ameliorants application rates, 0.00, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.50, and 1.00 g to each soil column(cross\|sectional area 0.0113 m2), equivalent to the 0.0, 8.9, 44.3, 88.5, 442.5,and 885.1 kg·hm-2, defined as S0, S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5, respectively. Our results indicated that under flooding condition, compared to S0, the application of soil ameliorants treatments (S3, S4, and S5) substantially reduced soil bulk density and soil pH on different depths of soil layers (0~30 cm) by 3.88% to 8.87% and 2.36% to 8.05%, respectively, and substantially increased soil porosity by 3.82% to 9.38% (P<0.05) on different depth soil layer (0~30 cm). The application of soil ameliorants treatments(S2, S3, S4, and S5) enhanced soil moisture infiltration of 20~40 cm soil layer, with an increase of 55.9% to 294.6% (P<0.05). The application of soil ameliorant reduced exchangeable sodium content with 0~10 cm and 10~20 cm soil layer (P<0.05), decreased by 4.84% to 56.5% (P<0.05), increased exchangeable sodium content of 20~30 cm and 30~40 cm soil layer by 1.09%~17.1%; S3, S4, and S5 reduced electrical conductivity of 0~10 cm soil layer by 49.0% to 60.4% (P<0.05), increased electrical conductivity of 20~40 cm soil layer by 3.68% to 19.8% (P<0.05); S2, S3, S4, and S5 reduced CO2-3 content of 10~20 cm soil layer by 5.98% to 23.4% (P<0.05); S3, S4, and S5 reduced HCO-3 content of 0~30 cm soil layer by 1.49%~18.0%; S2, S3, S4, and S5 substantially enhanced water stable aggregate ≥0.25 mm, with an increase of 16.4% to 161.7% (P<0.05); S3, S4, and S5 substantially increased mean weight diameter (MDW) by 5.78% to 161.7% (P<0.05). Based on comprehensive analysis of the effect of soil ameliorants on desalting soda\|salinized meadow soil and the application rates of soil ameliorants, the optimum application rate for the specific soil salinization in this experiment was proposed as 0.1g (88.5 kg·hm-2)with each soil column. |
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