| 李若帆,马娟娟,孙西欢,郭向红,段勇,任青.不同水肥管理模式下糯玉米水氮利用及熵权TOPSIS综合评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(4):111~120 |
| 不同水肥管理模式下糯玉米水氮利用及熵权TOPSIS综合评价 |
| Comprehensive evaluation of water and nitrogen utilization of waxy corn based on entropy weight TOPSIS model under different water and fertilizer treatments |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.04.14 |
| 中文关键词: 糯玉米 施肥方式 灌水方式 水氮利用 熵权TOPSIS评价 |
| 英文关键词:waxy corn fertilization methods irrigation methods water and nitrogen utilization entropy weight TOPSIS evaluation |
| 基金项目:山西省重点研发计划重点项目（201703D211009） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1078 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究施肥与灌水方式对糯玉米各生育期株高、叶面积指数、产量品质及水氮利用率的影响，以晋糯41号为材料进行田间试验，设置I0（播种期75%θf~85%θf，苗期~拔节前期65%θf~75%θf，拔节后期~孕穗期70%θf~80%θf，孕穗期~开花期70%θf~80%θf）、I1（播种期75%θf~85%θf，拔节后期~孕穗期75%θf~85%θf）2种灌水方式，F0（N、P、K肥全部基施）、F1（N、K肥基施30%+拔节期30%追施+大喇叭口期追施40%，P肥全部基施）和F2（N、K肥基施30%+大喇叭口期追施70%，P肥全部基施）3种施肥方式。结果表明：不同施肥水平F1、F2相比F0可增加株高2.86%~4.29%，增加叶面积指数6.47%~11.61%，增加鲜穗产量0.63%~8.42%，提高水分利用效率6.41%~21.34%，提高灌溉水利用率1.94%~21.88%，提高氮肥农学效率10.02%~19.80%，I1水平效果更加显著，I0相比I1在F0、F1、F2施肥方式下分别可增加鲜穗产量13.57%、5.54%、8.59%，增加籽粒产量16.14%、2.77%、6.49%，I1水平相比I0水平可减少灌水量29.55%、37.02%、25.20%，减少土壤耗水量20.82%、22.01%、13.44%，增加灌溉水利用率11.50%、33.31%、17.57%，增加水分利用效率4.09%、18.69%、6.51%。研究表明F1I0处理为最优水肥管理方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the effects of different fertilization methods, irrigation amount, and irrigation times on plant height, leaf area index, yield and quality, water and nitrogen (N) utilization rate of waxy corn in different growth stages,Jinnuo 41 was used as material for a field experiment, two irrigation methods: I0(sowing time: 75%θf~85%θf; seedling stage\|prophase of jointing: 65%θf~75%θf; anaphase of jointing\|booting stage: 70%θf~80%θf; booting stage\|flowering stage: 70%θf~80%θf）; I1(sowing time: 75%θf~85%θf; anaphase of jointing\|booting stage: 70%θf~80%θf）， three fertilization methods: F0 (N, P, K base application), F1 (N, K base application 30% + jointing stage 30% topdressing + bellmouth stage topdressing 40%, P base application)， and F2 (N, K base application 30% + bellmouth stage topdressing 70%, P base application) were used. The results showed that compared with F0, F1， and F2 increased plant height by 2.86%~4.29%, leaf area index by 6.47%~11.61%, fresh ear yield by 0.63%~8.42%, water use efficiency by 6.41%~21.34%, irrigation water use efficiency by 1.94%~21.88%, and agricultural efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer by 10.02%~19.80%. The effect of I1was more significant. Compared with I1, I0 increased fresh ear yield in F0, F1, and F2 groups by 13.57%, 5.54%, and 8.59%, and increased grain yield by 16.14%, 2.77%, and 6.49%, respectively. Compared with I0, I1 reduced irrigation amount by 29.55%, 37.02%, and 25.20%, reduced soil water consumption by 20.82%, 22.01%, and 13.44%, and increased the water use efficiency by 11.50%, 33.31%, 17.57%, increase water use efficiency by 4.09%, 18.69%, and 6.51% for F0, F1, and F2 groups, respectively. Therefore, F1I0 treatment was the best water and fertilizer management scheme in this experiment. |
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