| 田德龙,侯晨丽,马鑫,陈鸿福.膜下滴灌小麦-西兰花复种水肥利用效率[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(4):121~127 |
| 膜下滴灌小麦-西兰花复种水肥利用效率 |
| Water and fertilizer utilization efficiency of multicropping wheat and broccoli under drip irrigation and film mulching |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.04.15 |
| 中文关键词: 膜下滴灌；小麦；西兰花 复种；产量；水肥利用效率 |
| 英文关键词:drip irrigation under film wheat multicropping broccoli yield water and fertilizer utilization efficiency |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“基于土壤结构优化的水肥药调控与面源污染协控技术研究” (2019GG022-03) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 于2017年4月—2018年9月连续2 a进行田间试验，以传统畦灌为对照，开展膜下滴灌不同灌水定额对小麦复种西兰花生长状况、水肥利用效率及效益的影响研究。结果表明：膜下滴灌有利于提高小麦产量和水分利用效率，较传统畦灌处理分别平均提高12.6%和39.10%，但随灌水量增加，作物增产效应下降、耗水量增长率出现回落，膜下滴灌条件下，高水处理(3 225 m3·hm-2)小麦获得最大产量，平均为5 468.57 kg·hm-2，但与中水处理(2 700 m3·hm-2)无显著差异（P＞0.05）；西兰花中水处理(1 920 m3·hm-2)增产效应最大，较传统畦灌产量平均提高15.65%，水分利用效率和氮肥偏生产力平均增加40.03%和15.65%；膜下滴灌有利于补充土壤氮库，增加土壤肥力，较传统畦灌土壤中N肥消耗平均减小25.52%；当膜下滴灌定额为4 620 m3·hm-2时，小麦-西兰花净产值较传统畦灌处理平均增收8513.77元·hm-2，产投比较传统畦灌处理平均提高15.30%。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| From April 2017 to September 2018, field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different irrigation rates of drip irrigation under film on the growth status, water and fertilizer utilization efficiency and benefits of multicropping wheat and broccoli, and traditional border irrigation was used as a control. The results showed that drip irrigation under film\|mulching was beneficial in increasing crop yield and water use efficiency, and compared with traditional border irrigation, the average wheat yield and WUE increase by 12.62% and 39.10%, but with the increase of irrigation amount, the effect of crop yield increase decreased and the growth rate of water consumption decreased. Under mulch\|drip irrigation, the maximum yield (5 468.57 kg·hm-2) of wheat obtained by high water treatment was not significantly different from that obtained by medium water treatment (P＞0.05). Compared with traditional border irrigation, the yield increased by 15.65%, water use efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity increased by 40.03% and 15.65%, respectively. Mulching drip irrigation was beneficial to supplement soil nitrogen pool, increase soil fertility, and the average consumption of N fertilizer in soil decreased by 25.52% compared with traditional border irrigation. When the drip irrigation quota was 4 620 m3·hm-2, the average net output value of wheat\|broccoli was 8 513.77 yuan·hm-2, higher than that of traditional border irrigation, and the average output value was 15.30% higher than that of traditional border irrigation. |
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