| 郑思宇,王铁良,魏新光,李波,孙君,葛东,付诗宁.东北日光温室葡萄园水热通量特征及其对气象因子的响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(4):200~206 |
| 东北日光温室葡萄园水热通量特征及其对气象因子的响应 |
| College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.04.25 |
| 中文关键词: 水热通量 温室葡萄 气象因子 |
| 英文关键词:water and heat fluxes greenhouse grapevine meteorological factors |
| 基金项目:国家自然基金（51709174） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 运用温室葡萄水热平衡观测资料，分析了东北日光温室葡萄的能量平衡和能量分量日变化、生育期变化以及分配规律，同时也分析了潜热通量（λET）对环境因子的响应。结果表明：水热通量各分量在整个生育期日变化总体上呈现为单峰趋势，净辐射（Rn）的峰值最大为618.75 W·m-2，λET峰值最大为242.73 W·m-2，感热通量（H）峰值最大为327.93 W·m-2；在新梢生长期，白天λET较小，为34.55 W·m-2,随着生育期推进，λET逐渐增大，在果实着色成熟期达到最大值（78.49 W·m-2）之后减小；H在各生育期能量中均占了绝大部分；白天潜热通量占净辐射的比例（λET/Rn）在新梢生长期最小，为25.28%，在果实着色成熟期最大，为44.17%；感热通量占净辐射比例（H/Rn）整个生育期几乎都达50%以上，土壤热通量占净辐射比例（G/Rn）相对较小，变化范围为4.46~12.32 W·m-2；在整个生育期能量比率大小依次为H/Rn>λET/Rn>G/Rn。在不同生育阶段瞬时尺度上，Rn是影响潜热变化最主要的气象因子，R2高达0.88。在日尺度上，各气象因子对潜热通量的影响在逐渐变弱，相对湿度（RH）与λET相关系数仅为0.28。但无论从瞬时尺度还是日尺度，Rn都是影响潜热通量最主要的气象因子。各气象因子对潜热通量的影响大小依次为：Rn>VPD>Ta>RH。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Using the observation data of water and heat balance of greenhouse grapes to analyze the energy balance, daily variation of energy components and growth period, distribution of energy on solar greenhouse grapevine in the Northeastern China, and also analyzed the response of latent heat flux (λET) to environmental factors. The results showed that the daily changes of water and heat flux components, which were a single peak trend throughout the growth period.The peak value of net radiation (Rn) was 618.75 W·m-2, λET was 242.73 W·m-2, and the sensible heat flux (H) was 327.93 W·m-2. During the growth period of the new shoots, λET was smaller during the daylight with 34.55 W·m-2. With the difference of growth period, λET, gradually increased, and decreased after reaching the maximum value of 78.49 W·m-2 during fruit coloring and ripening period. The H<、i> value accounted for the majority during the entire growth period. The ratio of latent heat flux to net radiation during the day (λET/Rn) was the smallest in the shoot growth period with 25.28%, and the maximum value was 44.17% at the largest in the fruit coloration and ripening period. The H value accounted for more than 50% of the net radiation ratio (H/Rn) throughout the growing period, and the soil heat flux accounted for the relatively small of net radiation ratio (G/Rn), with a variation range of 4.46~12.32 W·m-2. The energy ratio in the whole growth period was H/Rn>λET/Rn> G/Rn. At the instantaneous scale of different growth stages, The Rn was the most important meteorological factor that affected latent heat changes, with R2 as high as 0.88. On daily scale, the influence of meteorological factors on latent heat flux was gradually weakening, and the correlation coefficient between RH and λET flux was only 0.28. But regardless of the instantaneous scale or the daily scale, Rn was still the most important meteorological factor affecting λET. The influence of meteorological factors on λET ranged as Rn> VPD> Ta> RH. |
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