| 唐晓培,杨丽,冯冬雪,高壮壮,张文杰,刘海军.非充分灌溉下8个小麦品种旗叶光合与产量及水分利用效率的关系[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(4):245~252 |
| 非充分灌溉下8个小麦品种旗叶光合与产量及水分利用效率的关系 |
| Relationship between flag leaves photosynthesis and yield, water use efficiency of eight wheat varieties under deficit irrigation |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.04.31 |
| 中文关键词: 非充分灌溉 小麦 旗叶 光合特性 荧光参数 产量 水分利用效率 |
| 英文关键词:deficit irrigation wheat flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics fluorescence parameters grain yield water use efficiency |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目（51939005）；国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0201500）；111引智基地项目(B18006) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 选择河北省推广面积较大的8个小麦品种，在非充分灌溉模式下，分别于抽穗期、灌浆期、乳熟期对小麦旗叶的气孔交换参数和荧光参数进行测定，分析不同品种旗叶光合特性及其与产量及水分利用效率的关系。结果表明：8个小麦品种的净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）和气孔导度（Gs）均表现为：抽穗期>灌浆期>乳熟期；叶片水分利用效率（LWUE）在抽穗期品种间差异较大，变化范围为3.7~7.9 μmol·mol -1，灌浆期品种间差异较小，在5.1~7.3 μmol·mol -1之间，乳熟期，婴泊700和邯农1412的LWUE分别高于其他品种约1~2 μmol·mol -1；8个小麦品种的实际光合效率（ΦPSⅡ）和光合活性（qP）均表现为：抽穗期>灌浆期>乳熟期；最大光合效率（Fv/Fm）在抽穗期和灌浆期，均稍高于0.80，乳熟期降低,在0.60~0.80之间。8个小麦品种的产量与灌浆期Pn、Tr和Gs均呈显著正相关，相关系数均在0.80左右，表明灌浆期较高的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度可作为高产的优选指标。在非充分灌溉条件下，轮选103、婴泊700、石麦26的产量均在7 500 kg·hm-2以上，作物籽粒水分利用效率均在2 kg·m-3左右，考虑抗旱能力、籽粒产量和水分利用效率，此3个小麦品种可作为河北省节水抗旱型小麦品种进行推广。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Investgating photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaves for different wheat varieties and the relationship between them and yield under deficit irrigation is greatly important for exploring the drought\|resistant and water\|saving mechanism of wheat and ensuring the stable high yield production. Eight wheat varieties wildly planted in Hebei Province were selected in this study. The parameters of gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of flag leaf at stages of heading, filling, and milky\|ripe under deficit irrigation were measured, and the relationship between these photosynthetic parameters and grain yield and water use efficiency were analyzed. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), and stomatal conductance (Gs) of the 8 wheat varieties were the largest at heading stage, followed by filling stage and milky\|ripe stage. Water use efficiency at leave level (LWUE) varied greatly with the 8 wheat varieties at heading stage, with a range of 3.7~7.9 μmol·mol-1, however, it varied slightly at filling stage, which was between 5.1~7.3 μmol·mol-1. Among the 8 varieties, the LWUE of Yingbo 700 and Hannong 1412 were 1~2 μmol·mol -1 higher than that of other varieties at milky\|ripe stage. The actual photochemical efficiency ΦPSⅡ and photochemical quenching coefficient qP of the 8 wheat varieties were also the largest at heading stage, followed by filling stage and milky\|ripe stage. The maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) at heading and filling stages was higher than 0.80, however at the milky\|ripe stage, it decreased to 0.60~0.80. Generally, the grain yield of the 8 wheat varieties was positively correlated with their corresponding Pn, Tr, and Gs at filling stage, the correlation coefficients were approximately 0.80, indicating that the higher Pn, Tr, and Gs could be the optimal indexes for high yield. Among the 8 wheat varieties, the grain yield of Lunxuan 103, Yingbo 700, and Shimai 26 were higher than 7 500 kg·hm-2, and their grain water use efficiency were approximately 2 kg·m-3. Fully considering the performances of photosynthetic characteristics, grain yield and water use efficiency, the wheat varieties of Lunxuan 103, Yingbo 700, and Shimai 26 were recommended for Hebei region under deficit irrigation. |
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