| 陆思旭,贺丽燕,王旭东.耕作措施对玉米田耕层土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(5):15~22 |
| 耕作措施对玉米田耕层土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响 |
| Effects of different tillage measures on metabolic functional diversity of soil microbial community in surface soil of maize field |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.05.03 |
| 中文关键词: 玉米田 耕层土壤 耕作措施 土壤微生物 功能多样性 碳源代谢活性 碳源利用 |
| 英文关键词:maize field topsoil tillage measures soil microorganism functional diversity carbon source metabolic activity carbon sources utilization |
| 基金项目:农业部公益性行业科研专项(201503116) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为研究秸秆还田基础上不同耕作措施对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响，本文以渭北旱塬玉米田为研究对象，采用Biolog-ECO方法研究了6种耕作措施，即连年翻耕（C/C）、连年免耕（N/N）、连年深松（S/S）、免耕/深松隔年轮耕（N/S）、翻耕/免耕隔年轮耕（C/N）和深松/翻耕隔年轮耕（S/C）对土壤微生物碳源代谢能力的影响。结果表明，不同耕作措施下碳源代谢活性（AWCD）随培养时间的延长均逐渐增加，免耕、少耕的各耕作处理下碳源代谢活性较C/C处理显著提高了12.70%~54.54%，其中N/S和N/N处理的微生物多样性指数（丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Simpson指数）显著高于C/C处理。主成分分析对第1和第2主成分起分异作用的主要碳源是氨基酸类、糖类和羧酸类物质，且是该地区土壤微生物利用的主要碳源。冗余分析表明有机碳（SOC）是影响微生物碳源代谢特征的主要因素。研究表明，从微生物群落碳源代谢角度考虑， N/S处理下的土壤微生物活性和功能多样性较高，是适宜该地区的耕作措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to study the effects of different tillage measures on soil microbial community functional diversities with straw\|return in the field, this study investigated the functional diversity of the microbial community at six different tillage measures in the maize field of Weibei dryland by using Biolog\|ECO analysis. There were six tillage patterns, including conventional tillage (C/C), no\|tillage (N/N), subsoiling tillage (S/S), no\|tillage/subsoiling tillage (N/S), conventional tillage/no\|tillage (C/N), and subsoiling tillage/conventional tillage (S/C). The results showed that the carbon metabolic activity of different tillage measures increased gradually with culturing time. Compared with C/C treatment, the AWCD values of no\|tillage and mini\|tillage increased by 12.70%~54.54%. The biodiversity indices of N/S and N/N treatments were significantly higher than those of the C/C treatment. Principal component analysis showed that the determinant carbon sources for the differences were amino acids, carbohydrates, and carboxylic acids for the first and second principal components, and these were main carbon sources for soil microbial utilization in the region. RDA analysis showed that SOC was the main factor that controlled the metabolic activity of microbial carbon. From the perspective of carbon source utilization of soil microbial community, the N/S treatment had greater microbial functional diversity, and was the most suitable measure for the local soil conditions. |
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