| 贺婧,魏琪琪,钟艳霞,罗玲玲.贺兰山东麓不同种植年限葡萄地土壤生态化学计量特征[J].干旱地区农业研究,2020,38(5):23~30 |
| 贺兰山东麓不同种植年限葡萄地土壤生态化学计量特征 |
| Eco\|stoichiometry characteristics of grape fields with different planting years in the east foothills of Helan Mountain |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2020.05.04 |
| 中文关键词: 葡萄地 种植年限 生态化学计量特征 贺兰山东麓 |
| 英文关键词:vineyard planting years eco\|stoichiometry character east foothills of Helan Mountain |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（416601050） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄产区不同种植年限（1 a、7 a、20 a）葡萄地土壤为研究对象，未开垦的荒漠草原为对照（CK），采集0~100 cm土层土壤，分析不同种植年限、不同土层深度土壤有机碳（SOC）、全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）、全钾（TK）含量及其生态化学计量特征。结果表明：（1）该地区土壤贫瘠，土壤C、N、P含量均值分别为4.88 、0.56 g·kg-1和0.24 g·kg-1，均低于全国平均水平（11.12、1.06 g·kg-1和0.65 g·kg-1），土壤K含量均值为28.88 g·kg-1，高于全国水平（16.6 g·kg-1）。各年限土壤SOC均值变化范围为3.93~5.36 g·kg-1，TN均值变化范围为0.39~0.73 g·kg-1，TP均值变化范围为0.21~0.37 g·kg-1，TK均值变化范围为27.88~30.16 g·kg-1。随荒漠草原的开垦及种植年限的增加，土壤C、N含量呈现先降低后增加的趋势，土壤P含量逐渐增加，土壤K含量虽表现为逐渐减少但各年限之间并无显著性差异。（2）土地利用方式及植被覆盖的转变对土壤生态化学计量特征的影响程度各有不同。研究区土壤C∶N均值变化范围为8.70~10.60，C∶P均值变化范围为16.78~33.29，C∶K均值变化范围为0.14~0.22。随种植年限的增加，土壤C∶P、C∶K、N∶P都呈现先降低后增加的趋势，土壤C∶N虽趋于降低，但不同种植年限之间差异未达显著水平。不同种植年限葡萄地土壤N∶P在1.66~3.61之间，低于我国土壤N∶P的平均值（5.2），表明贺兰山东麓葡萄生长主要受N的限制。在宁夏贺兰山东麓地区酿酒葡萄的种植过程中，应考虑合理匹配不同营养元素和适当增施有机肥，防止土壤肥力的下降。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This paper took the vineyard soil of different planting ages (1 a, 7 a, and 20 a) in the east foothills of Helan Mountain in Ningxia as the research object, and took the uncultivated desert grassland as the control, collected the soil of 0~100 cm layer, measured the organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK) content, and the characteristics of the ecological stoichiometry of soil under different planting years and different soil depths, in order to provide the basis for the judgment of limited nutrient and the control mechanism of nutrient element balance of the grape growing area in the east foothills of Helan Mountain. The results showed that: (1) The soil was impoverishment in this area with the average value of soil C, N, and P at 4.88, 0.56 g·kg-1 and 0.24 g·kg-1, respectively, which were less than the national levels (11.12, 1.06 g·kg-1 and 0.65 g·kg-1), but the average value of soil K was 28.88 g·kg-1, higher than the national level (16.6 g·kg-1). The soil SOC varied from 3.93 g·kg-1 to 5.36 g·kg-1, the TN varied from 0.39 g·kg-1 to 0.73 g·kg-1, the TP varied from 0.21 g·kg-1 to 0.37 g·kg-1, the TK varied from 27.88~30.16 g·kg-1 with increasing planting years. The contents of C and N in soil first decreased and then increased, the content of P gradually increased, the content of K gradually decreased, but there was no significant difference among years. （2) The changes of land use patterns and the vegetation coverage provided different effects on the soil ecological stoichiometry character. The soil C∶N ratios varied from 8.7 to 10.6, C∶P varied from 16.78 to 33.29, C∶K varied from 0.14 to 0.22. With increasing of the planting years, the C∶P, C∶K, and N∶P of soil showed a decrease trend in the first and then increased, although the C∶N of soil gradually decreased, but the difference was not significant. The N∶P of soil was between 1.66~3.61, and less than the national average of 5.2, showed that the grape growth in the east foothills of Helan Mountain was mainly restricted by N. In the process of grape planting in the east foothills of Helan Mountain in Ningxia, properly matched the application proportion of various nutrient elements and organic fertilizer should be considered to prevent the decline of soil fertility. |
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